1907.] ELEPHANT REMAINS FROM CRETE. '2iT 



it appears that the depression below and between the olecranon 

 and the projection of the sigmoid notch is more extensive in the 

 former, and also that the distance between the coronoid process 

 and the olecranon is comparatively greater. 



An imperfectly preserved left fe7mir, with its distal extremity 

 missing, was obtained, also the head of another and a fragment of 

 the head of a third. The entire length of the former is 29 inches 

 (89 mm.); it is decidedly short in the neck and has a shallow 

 digital pit, both of which characters are claimed for E. antiquus by 

 Dr. Leith Adams *, as well as for E. namadicus t, E. africanus, 

 and E. mnaidriensis. 



A left cuneiform, which is attached to the unciform, is very 

 much larger than a corresponding bone in the British Museum 

 Collection (36608)$, which, however, is by no means a large 

 example for this species. The greatest width of the Cretan 

 specimen, from its inner border to the outer angle, is 165 mm., 

 while antero-posteriorly it measures 115 mm., though this would 

 be slightly more were it quite intact. The height of its 

 anterior face is 57 mm. The greatest height of the anterior 

 face of the above-mentioned unciform is 81 mm., antero- 

 posteriorly it is 125 mm., and from side to side 151 mm. 

 A considerably damaged right unciform appears to be of similar 

 proportions. 



An almost perfect right trajjezium included in the collection 

 is found to differ considerably in size and outline from the one 

 figured by Dr. Leith Adams, and considered by him to present 

 diagnostic characters §. The former is altogether much smaller 

 and slighter than the latter, its greatest height, taken perpen- 

 dicularly, being 79 mm., and its circumference just below the 

 external articular surface 180 mm. In the British Museum 

 specimen the lower articular surface 11 is expanded and almost oval 

 in shape, whilst in the one from Crete this is narrower and some- 

 what elongated. The projection beyond the anterior border of the 

 distal articular surface is extremely pronounced, and it is chiefly 

 to this that the bone owes its irregular outline. 



The metacarjjcds are represented by two distal extremities 

 and an almost perfect specimen of the fifth metacarpal of the left 

 manus. Its exterior border is 142 mm,, the proximal articular 

 surfaces measure 83 mm. from inner to outer edge, while antero- 

 posteriorly they are about 78 mm., the circumference at the centre 

 of the shaft is approximately 210 mm. 



The proximal phalanx of the fifth digit of the right manus, 

 another digital phalanx, an imperfect right semilunar, and some 

 portions of ribs, are the only other well-preserved remains of 

 E. OMiiquus obtained. 



* Mon. British Fossil Elephants, p. 63. 



t Considered by some writers as a variety of or identical with IE. antiquus (seo 

 G. E. Pilgrim, Records Geol. Survey India, vol. xxxii. part 3, pp. 204, 205, 215, &c.). 

 + Cat. Foss. Mamm. Brit. Mus. part iv. p. 136. 



I Op. cit. pp. 160 & 234, pi. 19. figs. 9-9 b, B.M. 20821. 



II Ihid. fig. 9 B. 



