1907.] OF A FROG OF THE GENUS MEGALOPHRYS. 339 



ceratolij-al is a continuation on the same plane and in the same 

 straight line of the I'est of the hyoid. In Megaloplirys this part 

 of the hyoid arch is bent down at nearly a right angle with the 

 rest of the hyoid. The close connection of the bone and its 

 ensheathing muscle with the pharynx led me to assume at first 

 an actual anatomical connection between the two. A careful 

 examination, however, shows that there is no such connection, 

 and that the hyoid with the muscle can be raised up from its 

 position which is in actual contact with the pharynx. It is even 

 possible that pressure may be exerted upon the pharynx by the 

 muscle. In the second place, this hyoglossal muscle is very much 

 thicker and altogether stouter than the same muscle in the veiy 

 much larger frog liana giii:>py%. As in Rana, the two halves of 

 the hyoglossal muscle fuse and become one, and this is continued 

 forward in close contact and on the median line of the hyoid to 

 the tongue. 



The Submentalis has the usual positions and relations. What, 

 is remarkable about it in the present species is that it is actually 

 (and therefore a fortiori relatively) larger than the same muscle 

 in Rana giqjJW^- 



The Petrohyoidei are, as in Rana esculenta*, four in number. 

 As in that frog, the petrohyoideus of Megaloplirys^ arising also 

 from the body of the hyoid, is larger than the three following 

 divisions of the muscle which sj)i-ing from the bony thyrohyals. 

 The last of these in Megalo'phrys is a large fan-shaped muscle 

 which is not so very much smaller than the anterior petrohyoid. 

 And, moreover, the three divisions of this posterior petrohyoideus 

 muscle are all of fair size, and not merely in contact at theii- 

 origins (which they are not in Rana esctilenta), but the middle 

 one actually overlaps the other two. It is impoi-tant to note that 

 in Pelodytes punctatuSj accoixling to Ridewoodf, the fourth 

 division of the petrohyoid is absent. 



The third division of the Petrohyoideus posterior arises, it may 

 be remarked, from the inner edge of the thyrohyal and not as the 

 other two from or near the outer edge of this bone, i. e., that 

 facing towards the attachment of the muscles. In Rana^ Gaupp 

 describes the muscle in question as springing from the cartilaginous 

 epiphysis of the thyrohyal. This is not at all the case with 

 Megalophrys^ where the epiphysis in question, easily detached, is 

 a relatively long and spui--like plate of cartilage directed outwards 

 and at right angles to the shaft of the thyrohyal. The anterior 

 of the three posterior petrohyoids does not arise from the bony 

 thyrohyal, but from the cartilage at its junction with the body of 

 the hyoid. 



The Omohyoid appears to show no peculiarities as compared with 

 Rana,. 



The Geniohyoid has the usual two origins, and it is to be noted 

 that these are as in Pelodytes according to Ridewood, and not as 



* Gaupp's edition of Ecker's 'Anatomie des Frosches,' 1896, p. 139. 

 t P. Z. S. 1897, p. 579. 



