380 MR. R. LYDEKKER ON THE [Apr. 23, 



acquired by presentation and 3 by purchase, 28 were received 

 on deposit, 1 in exchange, and 9 were born in the Gardens. The 

 total number of departures dining the same period, by death and 

 removals, was 163. 



Amongst the additions special attention may be directed to : — 



A pair of yoimg Hippopotamuses {Hippojiotamus amphibnis) 

 from German East Africa, purchased on March 2nd. 



An Eland {Taiirotragus 07-yx), born in the Menagerie on 

 March 1st. 



A 'Qsoik^iSiYiGocksitoo^CcdyjJtorhynchitshanksi) from New South 

 Wales, deposited on March 15th. 



Dr. A. Smith Woodward, F.E,.S., F.Z.S., exhibited an antler of 

 a Red Deer which had become malformed and enlarged by disease. 

 The specimen was obtained by Mr. Thomas Sheppard from a 

 prehistoric peat-deposit at Mablethorpe, Lincolnshire. 



Ml-. R. I. Pocock exhibited, on behalf of the Secretary, a model 

 of the African Elephant " Jumbo," formerly living in the Societj^'s 

 Menagerie, made by the late Mr. William Prehn and presented to 

 the Society by his widow. 



Mr. C J. With of Copenhagen communicated a paper entitled 

 "An Account of the South- American Cheliferince in the Collections 

 of the British and Copenhagen Museums." 



This paper will be published entire in the ' Transactions.' 



The following papers were read : — 



1. The Ears as a Race-Character in the African Elephant. 

 By B. Lydekker. 



[Received April 5, 1907.J 



(Text-figures 105-121.) 



That an animal with the immense geographical range of the 

 African Elephant — a range extending from Nubia and Abyssinia 

 in the north to the Cape of Good Hope in the south, and from 

 the east to the west coast across the heart of the continent — 

 should exhibit local difierences is a practical certainty, even though 

 it be admitted that the animal is naturally a wanderer. Such 

 wanderings must, however, of necessity be limited in degree, and 

 are not of the " Cape to Cairo " character which would be essen- 

 tial to cause uniformity in physical characteristics among all the 

 local forms of the species. The existence of local variation in 

 the species has, indeed, been well known for many years alike to 

 sportsmen, naturalists, and ivory- d ealers ; and in 1890 Dr. Paul 



