1908.] DR. KNUD ANDERSEN ON BATS. 275 



Thomas called attention to the identity of Azara's " Ohauvesouris 

 premiere ou Ohauve-souris obscure et rayee " with Lichtenstein's 

 Fhyllostoinus litioratus. The essence of Azara's description 

 (Azara did not see this bat, but copied the description from manu- 

 script notes by ISToseda) is this : the " Ohauve-souris premiere " 

 is a bat, (1) of large size (length 110 mm., expanse 525 mm.), 

 (2) with no tail, (3) with a white stripe from the nose to the ear, 

 and (4) inhabiting Paraguay. A . j. liticraiics is the only tailless 

 bat of this size known from Pai'aguay. 



Lichtenstein's Phyllostomus lituratics, 1823. — Based, without 

 description, on Azai'a's " Chauve souris obscure et rayee." As the 

 identity of Azara's bat is unquestionable, the name liticratus is 

 technically valid. 



Maximilian of Wied's Phyllostoma superciliatuin, 1826. — Based 

 on a single sjDecimen found dead and much decomposed " bei der 

 Fazenda von Tapebugu .... nordlich von Oabo Frio zwischen den 

 Fliissen S. Joao und Macahe," i. e. in the province of Rio de 

 Janeiro. The author placed this bat (" Der Vampyr mit weissem 

 Augenstreif ") in a section of ^^ Fhyllostoma" headed " Unbe- 

 stimmte Arten, deren Gebiss nicht untersucht werden konnte, 

 welches aber wahrscheinlich mit dem der vorhergehenden Ab- 

 theilung iibereinstimmt " ; the preceding section has 4 " Backen- 

 zahne " (i. e. |- molars). The statement is, of course, without any 

 value, as the authoi- admits it to be mere conjecture. In the rest 

 of the extremely vague description there is nothing which prevents 

 the identification of Fh. superciliatum Avith A. j. lituratics. 



Rengger's "PA. superciliatum Wied," from " Jhu," Paraguay, 

 is no doubt A.j. litttratios. His specimen had no "weisse Spitzen 

 der Fliigelhaut " ; but the amount of white at the tip of the wing 

 (region of third, or second and third, phalanx of third digit) is 

 individually very variable ; examples occur in which it is but 

 slightly indicated (very restiicted, and clouded with dai-k colour). 



Dobson's (Gray's) A. grandis, 1878. — The name ^' At^tibeus 

 grandis" quoted in Dobson's Catalogue from a manuscript label 

 by Gi-ay, but apparently never published by this latter author, 

 refei's to an unregistered spirit- specimen in the British Museum, 

 an adult male without history; maxillary tooth-row 12 mm., 

 forearm 70"8 mm. The specimen is indistinguishable from an 

 ordinary A . j. lituratics. 



J. A. Allen's xt. ricshyi, 1904. — ^Based on the skin and skull of an 

 individual from Yungas, Bolivia*, 6000 feet. A. rushyi is stated, 

 by Allen, to be "nearly related to A. palmarum of Trinidad and 

 adjoining parts of north-eastern South America, but differs in the 



* Allen writes, " Yungas, Peru " [i. e. the coast region round Trujillo, N.W. 

 Peru] ; but the specimen made by Allen, in 1904, the type of A. rushyi had been 

 mentioned, by the same author, on two previous occasions (Bull. Am. Mus. N. H. 

 iii. (1890) pp. 170 & 172, and ix. (1897) p. 16) as being from "Yungas, Bolivia" 

 [j. e. the eastern slopes of the Bolivian Cordilleras to the Amazonian plains]. I take 

 the latter to be correct, but whether my conjecture is right or wrong is, for the 

 identification of A, rushyi, of no consequence. 



