278 i)E. KNUB ANDERSEN ON BATS. [Apr. 7, 



Artibeus jamaicensis palmakum All. & Chapm. 



1878. Artibeus perspicillatus (pavtim, not L.) Dobson, Cat. Chir. Brit. Mus. 



pp. 519-20, specimens n, ■p, r, s, t, v, y, s. — Venezuela, Costa Rica, 



Guatemala. 

 1893. Artibeus perspicillatus (not L.) Thomas, Journ. Trinidad Field Nat. Club, 



i. no. 7, p. 6 (April 1893).— Trinidad. 

 1893. Artibeus sp. n., J. A. Allen & Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. N. H. v. Art. 13, 



p. 208 (21 Sept. 1893).— Trinidad. 

 1897. Artibeus palmarum J. A. Allen & Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. N. H. ix. 



Art. 2, p. 16 (26 Feb. 1897).— Type locality: Trinidad. 

 1897. Artibeus intej-medms J. A. Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. N. H. ix. Art. 3, pp. 33- 



34 (11 March, 1897). — Type locality : San Jos(5, Costa Rica. 



1899. Artibeus femurvillosum. Outram Bangs, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Club, i. 



pp. 73-74 (24 Nov. 1899). — Tj^pe locality: Santa Marta, Colombia. 



1900. Artibeus pahnarum All. & Chapm., J. A. Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. N. H. xiii. 



Art. 8, p. 89 (12 May, 1900).— Santa Marta, Colombia. 



1901. Artibeus pahnarum All. & Chapm., Robinson & Lyon, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 



xxiv. pp. 148-49. — La Guaira, Venezuela (specimens examined). 



1902. Artibeus intermedius All. (partim), Outram Bangs, Bvill. Mus. Comp. Zool. 



xxxix. no. 2, p. 50 (April 1902). — Bogava, Chiriqui (the larger specimen 

 recorded bj^ the author). 



Diagnosis. — Precisely similar to A. j. lituratus, but skull and 

 teeth averaging slightly smaller. 



General characters. — As in A. j. lituratus the notch in the 

 hinder margin of m^ is comparatively rarely (in 10 p. ct. of the 

 skulls examined) as distinct as in A. jylanirostris, in the large 

 majority either noticeably reduced in size or quite filled up. The 

 skull is subject to the same modifications depending on age (text- 

 figs. 50, 51, on p. 248). The light colour type is predominant, 

 especially in aged individuals, but common also in adults with 

 unworn teeth. The supraorbital stripes are as a rule, the infra- 

 orbital stripes often, well developed. 



A. j. pahnarum and liturat^ls. — Externally A. j. pahnarum is 

 indistinguishable from A. j. Iitu7xitus ; there is no sti'uctural 

 difference in any respect ; the dimensions vary within the same 

 limits, and even the average dimensions are practically quite the 

 same. But there is a small average difference in the size of the 

 skull and teeth : — the length of the skull averages 1"3 mm. (only 

 about 4 ji. ct. !) shorter, the width of the skull from 0'4 to 0-9 mm. 

 narrower, the maxillary tooth-row 0'7 mm. shorter. 



I should not have tried to keep this form separate from A. j. 

 lituratus, if the name pahnarum had not been available. The 

 separation is artificial rather than natural ; the trifling average 

 diflFerence pointed out above will, I believe, hold good also for 

 much more extensive series of both forms ; but it is a matter of 

 fact that in the large majoiity of cases A. j. pahnartiTn cannot 

 practically be discriminated from liturattts. 



A.j. lituratus saiA pahnarutn taken together (and as mentioned 

 above it would be both more natural and more convenient to 

 unite the two " forms") are distributed from S. Brazil to S. Mexico, 

 including the coast islands of Trinidad and St. Vincent, but 

 excluding the whole of the West Indies proper. 



In Central America and S. Mexico A.j. joahnanom meets the 

 considerably smaller -rl. J. Jamcw'ce^ms. There is no doubt what- 



