612 MR. R. H. BURNE ON THE ANATOMY OF THE [May 25, 



nigrojnmctatus, T. immaculatus, T. 2oapioa, T. pardalis, 

 and Biodon maculatus. 



The same subject has been treated by Tate Regan 

 (Proc. Zool. See. 1902, vol. ii. p. 292). 



1889. Bateson * in a paper on the sense-organs and senses of 

 Fishes, besides some highly interesting physiological 

 notes which will be referred to more fully later on, 

 gives details of the structure of the nostrils and olfactory 

 rosette in various common species of Fishes, pointing 

 out (1) the tubular character of the anterior nostril in 

 the few fishes that hunt their food by scent (Motella, 

 Cobitis, /Solea, Conger, Anguilla, Lepidogaster), (2) the 

 valvular mechanism of the posterior nostril in certain 

 Flat-fishes, (3) the main types of structure of the 

 rosette — elongated (Eels), oval (the majority of Fishes), 

 or circular (Cottus), and an exceptional type in which 

 the leaflets are arranged in parallel series in a single 

 row {^Pleuronecies, Hippoglossus). 



1894. Solgerf briefly describes the olfactory chamber of the 

 Stickleback, stating that the nostril (as in many 

 Pharyngognaths) is single and that the olfactory 

 chamber proper is extended downwards to the buccal 

 membrane by an accessory sac lined with indifferent 

 epithelium and by its alternate expansion and con- 

 traction synchronously with the respiratory movements 

 causing water to flow in and out of the true olfactory 

 part of the cavity. 



1 899. Kyle J describes in several species of Plevironectids (Hip2)o- 

 glossus, Pleuronectes, Rhombus, Solea, Cynoglossus^ 

 accessory nasal sacs in connection with the true olfactory 

 chamber and lays stress on the fact that in these Fishes, 

 with the exception of Solea and Cynoglossus, the sacs 

 secrete mucus and are not simple reservoirs for producing 

 water-currents by their altei-nate expansion and contrac- 

 tion. He mentions, however, (but without description) 

 that such simple reservoir sacs do occur in several 

 other families (Blenniidse, one sac ; Labridfe, one sac ; 

 Scorpjenidfe, two sacs), and concludes generally that 

 accessory sacs are confined to semi-sedentary as opposed 

 to migratory Fishes. 



He further describes, and this forms an important 

 part of the paper, a direct and apparently normal 

 connection between the accessory sacs and the mouth 

 in a single specimen of Cynoglossus. 



in addition to the above papers which deal entirely or mainly 

 with the nose, descriptions of this organ in isolated genera are 



* .Jouni. Marine Biol. Ass. vol. i. 1889, p. 229. 

 t Zc'its. VViss. Zool. Bd. Ivii. 1894, p. 186. 

 1 .lourn. Tjiiiii. ^oc, vol. \\\n, 1899, p, 541 



