30 THECUBAREVIEW 



crystallizers, of which there are twenty-four of the cyhndrical enclosed type, nine feet 

 diameter by twenty-four feet long, with belt-driven stirring gear connected to four 

 motors, each driving the shafting for six crystallizers. The connections from pans to 

 crystallizers and from crystallizers to the centrifugal hoppers or mixers are of piping, 

 as compressed air is used for discharging purposes. Suitable valves are fitted so that 

 each pan can discharge into any one crystallizer, and any one crystallizer into the three 

 centrifugal mixers. The centrifugals discharge the dried sugar on to belt or screw con- 

 veyors (the latter for low sugars) which in turn deliver it to the elevators of the bag- 

 filling hoppers, of which there are two on the ground floor provided with swinging spouts 

 for filling the bags, each of which holds 325 pounds net. An electric travelling hoist 

 spans the sugar floor for loading the bags on to the railway cars, which run into the 

 building. All the conveyors, molasses pumps, elevators, etc., are driven from shafting 

 coupled to electric motors.__ A large molasses storage tank on armored concrete columns 

 has been constructed in the factory yard for filling the railway tank cars for shipment. 

 All the necessary tanks for the evaporators, pans, and for hot and cold water are located 

 high up in the sugar-house building. 



The loaded cane car sidings are located on one side of the factory; the cars pass 

 through the end of the mill houses under the hoists, then round the end of the sugar 

 house to the empty car sidings where the trains are made up and despatched to the 

 fields. All the sidings are well lighted with arc lamps to enable work to be carried on 

 night and day. The rolling stock consists of steel cars carried on four-wheeled bogies, 

 with locomotives of large size and of sufficient power to haul trains of about 450 tons 

 gross weight behind the tender. As the line is all single-track, it is divided up into 

 sections controlled by flagmen acting under telephone orders from the traffic office. The 

 railway system is an extensive one when it is remembered that for this factory alone 

 over 3,000 tons of cane have to be brought in daily ; the railway also handles the cane 

 and sugar traffic from two other neighboring estates belonging to the Cuban-American 

 Sugar Company, and in addition there are general supplies to be brought in. The rail- 

 way which is owned by the company deals with over a million tons of traffic in less than 

 six months, which quantity gives an idea of the transport problems that have to be 

 solved when dealing with large factories. 



The factory was designed, laid out and constructed by the company's own engineering 

 stafif with local labor recruited on the spot, consisting mainly of Cubans, Spaniards and 

 negroes from various West Indian islands. The work was carried out from start to 

 finish in less than twelve months and when the factory was started up, it worked with 

 complete success. All material, with the exception of sand, stone and red brick, was 

 imported. 



Prior to the commencement of the factory a new deep-water port was built on an 

 island in a large land-locked bay five miles away, on the north coast, connected to the 

 mainland by a stone causeway nearly three-quarters of a mile long with large warehouses 

 for the storage of sugar, quays electrically lighted (so that work can go on night and 

 day if necessary) and electric hoists for the handling of the sugar bags in the ware- 

 houses. Railway tracks run along the quays so that ships can be loaded direct off the 

 cars or from the warehouses, while a molasses storage tank of about 11,000 tons capacity 

 has been built close to its own deep-water quay to enable tank steamers to come alongside 

 and take a full cargo. — International Sugar Journal. 



Cuba's Sources of Income during 1912 



Custom Houses, etc. Loan Tax. Lottery. 



January $2,715,969.72 $334,613.40 $444,387.49 



February 2,260,865.63 298,340.70 367,111.29 



March 2,697,048.08 312,579.84 363,500.72 



April 2,544,649.97 300,582.33 350,186.16 



May 2,481,535.32 305,128.17 273,667.12 



June 2,647,537.42 278,659.60 273,667.12 



July 2,265,729.25 346,475.34 260,241.60 



August 2,303,513.98 341,332.64 336,536.00 



September 2,322,787.36 325,435.75 276,869.00 



October 2,520,604.70 318,604.76 219,678.00 



November 3,021,597.60 332,114.26 197,224.00 



December 2,845,269.11 327,569.45 343,304.80 



Total, 1912 $30,636,108.14 $3,821,346.24 $3,777,748.18 



