ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 81 



fishes were collected during the scientific voyage of the ' Talisman ' ; 

 thirty-five of these are new, and are instructive from the combination of 

 characters which they present. A new genus — Odinia — is established 

 for such Brisingidffi as have tentacular tubes. Zoroaster longicaucla is 

 a new species in which the ambulacral tubes are quadriserial at the 

 base of the arms only. The family Stichasteridae is formed for 

 Zoroaster and Stichaster. Four families — Linckiidse, Pentacerotidae, 

 Asterinidas, and Astropectinidas — are completely absent below 

 200 metres. Stephanaster bourgeti n. sp. has its analogues in the 

 Australian seas. There are nine new Porcellanasteridse, belonging 

 to various genera ; Styracaster spinosus has a dorsal peduncle. The 

 most remarkable Pterasterid is Myxaster sol, which has a large flattened 

 disc, around which radiate nine or ten delicate, elongated, and 

 flexible arms ; there is the usual marsupial pouch ; the two specimens 

 were dredged at depths of 1405 and 1550 metres respectively. 



Ccelenterata. 



Development of Aurelia aurita and Cotylorhiza borhonica.* — 

 Dr. A. Goette states as a result of his studies on these types : (a) 

 that the coelogastrula is a secondary embryonic form in which the 

 gastrulation is completed by an inwandering of the endoderm into the 

 cavity of the coeloblastula ; (h) Scyphistoma is a perfect Anthozoon ; 

 the invagination of the ectodermal oesophagus and the gastral 

 pouches and septa which surround it sufficiently prove the correctness 

 of this view ; (c) since the Strobila is produced by simple division, 

 and the Ephyra may arise without division directly from the Scy- 

 phistoma, there is no reason for asserting an alternation of generations 

 in Aurelia and Cotylorhiza. The Ephyra and consequently the Scy- 

 phomedusa, is a metamorphosed Scyphistoma or Anthozoon, just as the 

 Hydromedusa is a metamorphosed Hydroid polyp. 



New Japanese Pennatulid.t — Prof, A. A. W. Hubrecht describes 

 a new Pennatulid {EcMnoptilum macintosliii) from Japan, which 

 belongs to the section Spicatae and subsection Junciformes in Kolli- 

 ker's classification ; it forms the type of a new family — Echinoptilidse 

 — characterized by the total absence of anything like an axis, which 

 is present in all Pennatulids except some of the primitive Veretillese 

 and the divergent Benilleae. 



The colony is dense and rigid from the presence of calcareous 

 needles, which, on the rachis, unite to form projecting polyp-cells ; 

 the structure of the polyparium is alone described, as the polyps 

 have undergone desiccation ; the polyps could be seen to be bilaterally 

 arranged, the general form is short and club-like, the needles are 

 formed in the internal framework, as well as in the investment ; the 

 polyp-cells are arranged in less distinct rows than, and the ventral 

 is not wholly devoid of polyps, as in Stachyptilum. On the whole, 

 the new form is intermediate in character between groups already 

 known ; and this must be recognized in assigning it a systematic 

 position. 



* Zool. Anzeig., Tiii. (1885) pp. 554-6. 

 t Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1885, pp. 512-8 (2 pis.). 

 Ser. 2.— Vol, VI. G 



