238 SUMMARY OF OUREENT BESEARCHES RELATING TO 



developed tissues. Dr. Haase describes two superficial sensory pits 

 on the liead ; the strong oral organs and associated musculature ; the 

 characters of the eleven segments behind the head; the two stig- 

 mata, situated medianly behind the anus on the last segment ; the 

 tracheae traversing the body with simple coils, &c. 



The egg is presimiably fixed by a somewhat large mother insect, 

 and by means of a rapidly hardening acid secretion; the larva 

 probably eats its way with its powerful jaws into the lulus and 

 there undergoes further development, since empty egg-envelopes were 

 sometimes found without any visible external opening. He was 

 unfortunately unable to rear the larva, which was referred by 

 Prof. Brauer to the TacJiminse or Dexinse, though differing in some 

 points from all dipterous larvae as yet known. 



Alimentary Tract of Phylloxera.* — ^M. V. Lemoine describes the 

 digestive tract of Phylloxera punctata as a tube, bent upon itself, with 

 two dilatations upon it, and numerous glands anteriorly. The mouth, 

 placed amongst the buccal appendages, leads into a pharynx supplied 

 with chitinous valves, acted upon by muscles : thence the oesophagus 

 leads into a large stomach — the first dilatation, from which a short, 

 narrow intestine passes to the posterior intestine — the second dilata- 

 tion. The fatty, glandular structures on the narrow intestine seem 

 to represent Malpighian tubules. Various other glands are present 

 which are much more highly developed in the young forms, appearing 

 very early in development. In the sexual forms the alimentary tract 

 is functionless. 



Tracks of Insects simulating^ Vegetable Impressions.f — M. 

 Zeiller describes impressions found in the Oxford clay at Villers- 

 sur-mer, scarcely distinguishable from those of plants, but which 

 have unquestionably been made by insects. These insects must have 

 made galleries in the soil 0*015 m. in diameter, and 0*005 m. deep, 

 parallel to the surface and branching repeatedly in a series of 

 galleries, which lead off from the main gallery alternately to the right 

 and left at an acute angle. The insect producing these was probably 

 a mole-cricket, Gryllotalpa vulgaris ; the resemblance is remarkably 

 close to the undoubted impressions of conifers belonging to the genus 

 Brachypihyllum, 



0. Myriopoda. 



Anatomy of Sphserptherium.J — Mr. G. C. Bourne describes 

 several points in the anatomy of this Diplopod, which have been 

 overlooked by previous writers. The genus differs from Glomeris in 

 the position of the antennae in a deep fossa. Corresponding to each 

 of the twenty-one pairs of legs, is a pair of " tracheal plates " placed 

 between the attachments of the appendages. The first three pairs 

 belong to as many segments, while of the remainder, like the legs, two 

 pairs belong to each segment ; there is also a nerve-ganglion to each 



* Comptes Eendus, cii. (1886) pp. 220-2. 



t Bull. Soc. Geol. France, xii. (1884) pp. 676-80 (1 pi.). See Bull. Soc. Bot. 

 France, xxxii. (188.')) p. 173. 



X Jouni. Linn. Soc. Lond., xix. (1885) pp. 161-72 (3 pis.). 



