ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 245 



fore, may be regarded as the orifices of the peritoneal ccelom, which 

 itself is perhaps excretory in nature. 



The essay concludes with a classification of earthworms, in which 

 the new species Allolohophora longa and Mspanica are described. 



Hyodrilus * coccineus.* — Herr A. Stole has a preliminary report 

 on this annelid, which is to be regarded as a contribution to the 

 anatomy of the Tubificidae. There are two kinds of dorsal setae, hair- 

 like or forked, and of the latter there are again two forms, some being 

 slightly and others strongly curved ; the ventral setae are generally 

 of the last-mentioned form. The cerebral ganglion has a very 

 characteristic form ; it is slightly rounded off anteriorly and has a small 

 process in its middle ; posteriorly there are two external and two 

 internal lobes ; the inner are conical, and are attached to the body- 

 wall by cerebroparietal muscles ; the outer are larger, and give off 

 inferiorly the oesophageal commissures ; there are a large number of 

 peripheral nerves. The anterior brain-process gives off a few nerve- 

 branches which break up on their peripheral course ; the ventral cord 

 forms a ganglion in each segment, and this is ordinarily marked by 

 three constrictions ; the peripheral nerves are given off regularly from 

 each ganglion, and there are three pairs in each segment, and a fourth 

 which is sent to the dissepiment of the neighbouring segment. 



The vascular system is complicated, and is especially remarkable 

 for the well-developed system of tegumentary vessels ; the lateral loops 

 connecting the dorsal and ventral vessels are not as enlarged as in 

 Tuhifex or Psammoryctes ; they give off fine branches which traverse 

 the integument in all directions, so as to form a delicate plexus, which 

 is connected by anastomoses with the tegumentary plexuses. Just in 

 front of the hinder dissepiment of every segment a pair of vessels is 

 given off from the dorsal trunk ; these too make their way into the 

 integument and give off capillaries. 



The ciliated infundibulum of the nephridium is considerably 

 thickened, and produced into a lobe which is thickly covered by cilia ; 

 the duct of the glandular portion is not simple, but broken up into a 

 special plexus of canaliculi. The male organs have no penis, cement- 

 gland, or spermatophores, but genital setae are present ; the ovaries 

 are of the type of the Naidomorpha. On these grounds the author 

 proposes to form for Hyodrilus a subfamily of Tubificidae — Ilyodrilini ; 

 the second subfamily Tubificini may be characterized by the absence 

 of genital setae, as well as of the other just-mentioned male organs, 

 while the female apparatus is on the type of that of the higher 

 Oligochaeta; of the third subfamily — Telmatodrilini — we can only 

 as yet say, with Eisen, that there are a large number of cement- 

 glands. 



Golfingia macintoshii-t — Prof E. Eay Lankester describes a new 

 genus of Sipunculids from the coasts of Scotland ; one specimen alone 

 was found ; this was five inches long, and cylindrical in form ; at 

 either end of the cylinder a hard dark brown spout is found ; these 



* Zool. Anzeig., viii. (1885) pp. 6.S8-43, 656-62. 



t Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., ii, (1885) pp. 469-74 (2 pis.). 



