266 SUMMABY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



body of hemispherical tumours from one and a half to ten centimetres 

 in diameter; from these parts the scales drop off and the tumour 

 becomes ulcerons in appearance. In the matter of the tumours there 

 are to be found myriads of psorosperms which are analogous to and 

 are probably of the same species as those which MM. Eobin and 

 Kalbiani have found in the tench and the carp, where they form the 

 matter of the cysts which are particularly found in the swim-bladder. 

 The cells are lenticular and composed of two valves which inclose 

 some protoplasm, while a long cilium projects from an orifice at one 

 end. The author explains the infection of the fishes thus : the 

 psorosperms which escape from the ulcers are taken in with the 

 water which is swallowed or respired, and these by the blood reach 

 the subcutaneous cellular tissue, where they undergo their final 

 metamorphosis. 



BtitscMi's 'Protozoa.'*— Parts 32 and 34, with plate LV., of Prof. 



0. Biitschli's ' Protozoa ' were published at the end of 1885. The 

 account of the Dinoflagellata is continued and that of the Cysto- 

 flagellata begun. Of the former twenty-six genera and from ninety 

 to ninety-five species are known ; the first sub-order is that of the 

 Adinida Bergh (Prorocentrina Stein), with the family Prorocentrina ; 

 the second Dinifera, with the families Peridinida, Dinophysida, and 

 Polydinida. The author gives a phylogenetic table. Cystoflagellata 

 is Prof. Hackel's name for the Noctilucidse of authors; the group 

 contains as yet only the two genera Noctiluca of Suriray (1816) and 

 Lejjtodiscus of E. Hertwig (1877) ; in each genus there is but one 

 species, the former being cosmopolitan, the latter known only from 

 the Mediterranean. 



BOTANY. 



A. CrENERAIi, including the Anatomy and Physiology 

 of the Phanerogamia. 



a. Anatomy, f 



Movements of Protoplasm in Tissue-cells. | — Dr.H. de Vrieshas 

 investigated the question whether the rotation and circulation of 

 protoplasm are confined to isolated cells and to filament-cells, in which 

 they are usually observed, or whether the phenomena are not equally 

 displayed in the constituent cells of tissues. For this purpose he 

 examined Tradescantia rosea and Tropmolum majus, and found in both 

 cases movements of the protoplasm in the living wood-fibres, the 

 cambiform cells, the young bast-fibres, the pith, the bast-parenchyma 



* Bronu's ' Elassen u. Ordnungen d. Thierreiches,' 8vo, Leipzig and Heidel- 

 berg, 1885. 



t This subdivision contains (1) Cell-structure and Protoplasm (including the 

 Nucleus and Cell-division ; (2) Other Cell-contents (including the Cell-sap and 

 Chlorophyll) ; (3) Secretions ; (4) Structure of Tissues ; and (5) Structure of 

 Organs. 



X Maandbl. voor N-ituurw., 1884. See Bot. Ceutralbl., xxiv. (1885) p. 79. 



