ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC, 297 



Gymnosporangia of the United States.* — Prof. W. G. Farlow 

 has pursued his experiments of sowing various species of Gymnos- 

 porangium on different trees belonging to the Eosaceae. Spermogonia 

 showed themselves on Crataegus oxyacantha, Douglasii, and tomen- 

 tosa, after sowing with the spores of Gymnosjporangium fuscum var. 

 glohosum, macropus, and clavipes, and on C. tomentosa and AmelancMer 

 canadensis with the spores of G. hiseptatiim. G. Ellisii gave no result. 



The author believes the gecidium of G. biseptatum to be probably 

 Bcestelia hotryapites, that of G. glohosum to be B. aurantiaca, and that 

 of G. macropus to be a Bcestelia growing especially on the plum and 

 on AmelancMer. 



The author has found in the White Mountains a Periclermium 

 growing on Abies nigra, resembling P. abietinum, associated in Europe 

 with Chrysomyxa Bhododendri and Ledi. G. Ledi was found in the 

 game region, in June, on Ledum latifolium. In July the leaves of 

 the same Ledum no longer exhibited the Chrysomyxa, but two uredos, 

 Uredo ledicola on the upper surface, and on the lower surface another 

 apparently distinct species. 



Elaphomyces and Fir-roots-t — Herr M. Reess regards the hyphal 

 covering so frequently found on the roots of firs as Elaphomyces 

 granulatus ; and though it is probable that in the other trees in which 

 this phenomenon is known, the species of fungus may be different, he 

 has always found this present in the neighbourhood of Monotropa. 

 He describes further the development of the fructification, which at 

 first has no immediate contact with the root, but is at length always 

 enveloped in the hyphal root-cover. 



Apple-scab and Leaf-blight. J — Mr. W. Trelease has carefully 

 investigated this disease, caused by Fusicladium dendriticum. He 

 describes in detail the blotches on the leaves and on the fruit, which 

 are due to the same cause. The effect of the parasite is to remove all 

 the products of assimilation from the leaves, and hence render them 

 functionless. In the fruit it does not penetrate below the epidermal 

 cells, but obtains nourishment from the hypodermal cells, which it 

 kills. It does not injure the seeds. In older fruits the part infected 

 by the parasite is usually thrown off and replaced by cork. The 

 spores appear to be retained and to germinate in depressions of the 

 epidermis caused by the puncture of insects or by lenticels. 



New Fungus parasitic on the 01ive.§ — Under the name Inzengsea 

 asterosperma, Sig. A. Borzi describes a new species and genus of fungus 

 which forms a dense mould on olives. The mycelium is septated and 

 much branched, and gives a beautiful blue colour with iodine. The 

 conidiophores arise erect, a number being united on the same stalk, 



* Proc. Amer. Acad. Sci. and Arts, 1885. Cf. this Journal, i. (1881) p. 774. 



t Ber. Deutsch. Bot. GeselL, iii. (1885) pp. 293-5 and Generalversammluug, 

 1885, pp. Ixiii.-lxiv. Of. this Journal, v. (1885) pp. 844, 1025. 



X First Ann. Kep. Agricult. Experiment. Station at Wisconsin for 1883 (1885) 

 pp. 45-56 (8 pis.). 



§ L'Agricoltore Messinese, viii. (1885) No. 1. See Bot. Centralbl., xxiv. 

 (1885) p. 14. 



