440 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



large and instructive, several remarkable new types having been dis- 

 covered, and light thrown on our comprehension of the morphology of 

 the group, and its relations to other Crustacea. The author regards 

 the group as forming a sub- order of the Decapoda, and as being the 

 most primitive of known Podophthalmata ; the most highly organized 

 members form the family of the Lophogastridse, and the Mysid^ are 

 the lowest ; the Eucopiidas are most remarkably distinguished from 

 the Lophogastridae by the structure of their legs; contrary to the 

 opinion of Boas, Sars includes the Euphausiidae among the Schizopods. 

 Then follow useful definitions of the families, among which are 31 

 genera ; 57 species are reported on. At the conclusion of the report 

 on the Euphausiidse the author enters with some detail into the 

 history of the development of that family, giving careful descriptions 

 of the various stages or forms which have come under observation. 



Crustacea Parasitic on Arctic Tunicata.* — ^Dr. C. W. S. Aurivil- 

 lius finds that the Ascidians collected during the voyage of the 

 ' Vega ' had amphipodan and copepodan parasites. Of the former, 

 Andania pectinata and Aristias tumidus were found only at Spitzbergen 

 and Greenland; of the nine Copepoda, six are new to science; of 

 those already known Idya furcata was as commonly found living freely 

 as parasitically ; for four of the new parasites two new families have 

 been formed ; one, that of the Enteropsidse, contains two new genera, 

 Enter opsis and Ealigryps ; they are most nearly allied to the Ergasi- 

 lid^, and the former has the feet simple, and the body vermiform, 

 while the latter has biramose feet deprived of natatory hairs. The 

 second family have manducatory mandibles, and are allied to the 

 Notodelphyidae ; it has been called that of the Schizoproctidfe, and 

 is distinguished by two sacciform folds, which are perfectly separated 

 at the bases, the thorax is very high and compressed, while the ab- 

 domen is cylindrical : the only species was found in a Fhallusia from 

 Spitzbergen. 



Anatomy of the Cytheridae.t — Herr A. Kaufmann gives a detailed 

 account of the work of previous authors ; the means of determining 

 species, &c. ; and describes minutely the shell and other external 

 features in three species of Cythere, more especially C. Jonesii Baird. 



The shell of the latter is very thick, and ornamented with various 

 knobs and processes ; it is of the usual bivalve character, the two 

 valves together having a diamond shape ; the two valves are opened 

 by means of a ligament along the dorsal Hue, and are closed by 

 a muscle passing through the body and inserted in each valve at 

 about its centre. The body, attached along the line of the ligament, 

 is divided into thorax and abdomen by a transverse chitinous fold on 

 the ventral surface. The mouth is provided with prominent upper 

 and lower lips. It is pointed out that one of the characteristics of the 

 Ostracoda is the correspondence in the number and simplicity of 

 the appendages with those of the Metanauplius. 



* Bull. Soc. Zool. France, x. (1883) pp. 281-2. 



t Recueil Zool. Suisse, iii. (1886) pp. l.Sl-20.5 (6 pis.). 



