ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 913 



any change of host. The second parasite Chytridiopsis socius, wliich 

 is sometimes found in the epithelial cell with Stylorhynclms, has 

 nothing to do with the developmental history of the Gregarine. 



Flagellated Org-anisms in Blood of Animals.* — T. R. Lewis 

 describes certain flagellated organisms which he first detected in the 

 blood of two species of Miis, and which have since been seen in other 

 animals ; the characters of these are given in detail. Notwithstand- 

 ing many attempts a flagellum could be demonstrated at one end only. 

 The author is wholly unable to explain the presence of these 

 flagellated organisms in blood ; for some time he was inclined to 

 think that they were the spermatozoa of some parasite hidden in 

 the tissues of the animal, but further observation showed that the 

 contents of the segments of a tapeworm were much more sensitive 

 than they to the action of water. Saville-Kent has named them 

 Herpefomonas Icicisl, but points out that further research " may 

 possibly demonstrate their identity with the discharged spermatic 

 elements of the minute nematodes, micro-filariee, or other metazoic 

 eudoparasitic forms known to flourish amid the same surroundings." 



Parasitic Proteromonadidae.t— By way of a first contribution to a 

 monograi)h of the parasitic " Infusoria," J. Kiinstler describes two new 

 forms belonging to the Proteromonadidae, which ranks as the lowest 

 family in the Monads, and may be considered as occupying to a 

 certain extent an intermediate position between some of the Schizo- 

 mycetes and the Monads. 



Two species constitute the family : — Proteromonas JRegnardi in- 

 habits the intestine of Cistudo europcea Schneid. ; in which it svparms, 

 often forming a considerable mass of intertwined individuals in the 

 digestive tube. It is divisible into flagellum and body. The 

 flagellum, often more than twice the length of the body, is single and 

 placed at the anterior extremity of the body, with which it appears 

 to be continuous, owing to its remarkable size at the base. In its 

 minute structure the flagellum presents no exceptional characteristics, 

 and the author found in it the same alternation of dense and aqueous 

 portions that he previously described in other forms.f The body is 

 about -022 mm. in length and divisible into two portions. The 

 posterior portion constitutes a sort of tail, and plays the part of a 

 locomotor organ whose power is frequently increased by the existence 

 of a caudal filament of extreme tenuity and often invisible. The 

 anterior portion is more complex and colours intensely under certain 

 reagents, such as haematoxylin. The examination of the surface 

 ordinarily presents bosses and folds as if a loose membranous envelope 

 were wrapped round an internal body. 



The reproductive phenomena are very extraordinary. The 

 anterior region of the body often exhibits swellings, most frequently 

 situated on tho dorsal face, but also often on the ventral. Some of 



* Quart. Jonrn. Micr. Sri., xxiv. (1884) pp. 357-69. 

 t Ann. Sci. Nat. IJonloiiiix, ii. (1S8H) pp. 4.'5-.5t (2 i 



♦ Bull. f«oc. Zool. Fruncf, vii. (1882) pp. 1-112. 



