820 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



nidium fluviatile and T. semiciliatum and Tintinnus suhulatus are at 

 present the only examples known of sucli a change of habitat — no 

 doubt produced by geological changes. Dr. O. E. Imhof records a 

 fourth Tintinnodea from the lake of Zurich, which is apparently 

 identical with Leidy's Difflugia cratera, and which he names Codonella 

 cratera. 



New Type of Sarcosporidia.* — M. E. Blanchard has found in a 

 Macropus penicillatus small white spots in the large intestine ; these 

 were seen to be cysts, each of which was bounded by a delicate 

 membrane, the rupture of which allowed the escape of reniform cor- 

 puscles, altogether similar to what are ordinarily called psorosperms ; 

 they are granular, and often have at their ends a bright spot, but no 

 nucleus could be detected. The author does not doubt that they are 

 the equivalents of the falciform corpuscles of coccidia, and like them 

 they exhibit amoeboid movements. The numerous vesicles found in 

 the cysts of the Sarcosporidia correspond, therefore, to the spores or 

 pseudonavicellse of coccidia, and they appear to be most nearly like 

 those of Klossia, from which they differ only in secondary points, such 

 as size and habitat. The smallest spores were found in the centre, 

 and the largest at the periphery of the cyst, and the latter were found 

 to be the more mature ; they are from 9*8 to 12 /x, long and 4; to 5 • 5 

 fji broad. 



BOTANY. 



A. GENERAIj, including the Anatomy and Physiolog'y 

 of the Phaneroganaia. 



o. Anatomy, f 



Protoplasm in the Intercellular Spaces.! — From an examination 

 of over 100 different species of plants, Prof. E. Eussow concludes 

 that air-containing intercellular spaces of schizogenous origin are 

 always closed by a thin layer of protoplasm which can be revealed by 

 treatment with iodine and sulphuric acid. He believes it must have 

 some important function, perhaps for the absorption and condensa- 

 tion of certain gases in the intercellular spaces. He shows also that 

 Schaarschmidt's statement § of the occasional presence of chlorophyll- 

 grains in the intercellular spaces rests on erroneous observation. 



Forms of Cells. || — Prof. J. O. Hennum has made a series of ex- 

 periments on the forms resulting when balls of moist clay are rolled 



* Comptes Eendus, c. (1885) pp. 1.599-1601. 



t This subdivision contains (1) Cell-structure and Protoplasm (including the 

 Nucleus and Cell-division) ; (2) Other Cell-contents (including the Cell-sap and 

 Chlorophyll); (3) Secretions; (1) Structure of Tissues; and (5) Structure of 

 Organs. 



% SB. Dorpat. Naturf. Gesell, vii. (1884) 15 pp. See Bot. Centralbl., xxii. 

 (1885) p. 15. Cf. this Journal, iv. (1884) p. 404. 



§ See this Journal, ante, p. 84. 



11 Arch. Math, og Naturvid., Kristiania, ix. (1884) pp. 301-404 (7 pis.). See 

 Biol. Centralbl., ix. (1885) p. 199. 



