ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 847 



quantities as completely to destroy it, and proposes for it the name 

 Nowakoicshia Eormoihecse. It lives on the germinating zoospores of 

 its host, the contents of which it ai)propriate8 by means of very slender 

 rhizoid-like appendages, usually o-5 in number, attached to its peri- 

 phery. It grows free in the surrounding medium in the form of a 

 small ball of greyish protoplasm, inclosed in a delicate membrane 

 which is coloured blue by tincture of iodine. The protoplasm is of a 

 very finely granular structure, is stained yellow by picric acid, and 

 contains minute strongly refractive corpuscles. The size of these 

 bodies varies considerably, from 4 to 6 yx. The rhizoid-like append- 

 ages are extremely delicate, and only visible under a high power, and 

 appear to be composed of dense, homogeneous, strongly refractive 

 protoplasm, extremely receptive to pigments, without, as far as could 

 be detected, any membrane. 



The development of NowdkowsMa is extremely simple, and closely 

 resembles that of Polyphagus Euglenae. After absorbing a sufficient 

 amount of food-material by means of its appendages, and attaining its 

 full size, it transforms itself directly and completely into a zoospor- 

 angium ; the zoospores being formed by the appearance of a number 

 of shining spherical particles, round which the whole of the proto- 

 plasm collects and breaks up into as many minute portions. As soon 

 as the zoospores begin to be formed, the wall of the zoospor- 

 angium begins to be absorbed and become indistinguishable, finally 

 disappearing altogether, and the mass of zoospores then swarms in 

 the fluid, without the individuals at first separating from one another, 

 the motion resembling that of a colony of Volvox. The zoospores, 

 which do not exceed 1 )u, in their longest diameter, finally separate ; 

 their form is then somewhat hourglass-shaped, rounded at both ends 

 and somewhat constricted in the middle. In the anterior end, which 

 terminates in a single very long and extremely slender cilium, is a 

 drop of oil. After moving about very actively for a few minutes, the 

 zoospores come to rest. They germinate free in the water, and only 

 reach their host by putting out in its direction the very fine rhizoid- 

 like appendages. The entire transformation into a zoosporangium 

 occupies from four to six hours. No sexual reproduction could be 

 detected with certainty. 



Borzi considers NowaJcowsJcia as most nearly related to Ohelidium 

 and Bhmdium on the one hand, to Polyphagus on the other hand. 



New Fungus-parasite on the Rose.* — Herr J. Eriksson describes 

 a disease to which Mosa ruhrifvlia is subject in the neighbourhood of 

 8t<x;kholm, duo to the secidial form of Phragmidium euhcorticum, which 

 attacks the leaves, loaf-stalks, and flower-stalks of both first and second 

 year'H shoots, The mycelium appears to hibernate in the stem. 



Mycological Monstrosities.f— M. E. Hockel describes two cases 

 of monstrosity in fungi. In the first case, a specimen of Lactarim 

 delicio8U8, the margin of the pileus was non-adhoront to the stem at 



• SH. lv,t. 8allHk. Stockholm, Sept. 27, 1884. Seo Bot. Centralbl., ixi. 

 (IKS.")) p. 221. 



t Oimplei liciidus, xcix. C1884) pp. 1088-00. 



