834 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



among it two now species of Hypocreaceso, which ho names Melano- 

 spora stysanophora and M. Gibelliana. The commoner form in the 

 cycle of development of tho former is Stysanus Steminotis. Its 

 spores, when cultivated, always give rise to Acladium and Stysanus 

 through a number of generations, and only in a few cases produco 

 perithecia. Tho Melanospora includes, in its cycle of development, 

 two conidial forms, Acladium and Stysanus, the former again also re- 

 producing the conidial form on cultivation, while the spores of 

 Melanospora produco the three typical forms. Ho concludes that 

 while many Ascomycetes present the phenomenon of apogamy, we 

 have, in this species of Melanospora, an example of apandry, or the 

 production of ascospores independently of the previous formation of a 

 male organ. 



Melanospora Gibelliana produces on its mycelium abundance of 

 the singular bodies described under tho name of " spore-bulbils." 

 They appear to replace the true ascophorous perithecia, and consist 

 of one or more cells, containing abundance of protoplasm, and sur- 

 rounded, as by an involucre, by other dusky cells destitute of 

 chlorophyll. On germinating they reproduce the same form. Mattirolo 

 also observed the peculiar kind of spore described by Eidam as 

 chlamydospores. 



Alternation of Generations in the Uredineae.* — M. M. Cornu 

 records a fresh instance of this phenomenon not previously known. 

 In addition to the common rust on the leaves of the pine due to 

 Peridermium Pini, identical with Coleosporium Senecionis, there is 

 another rust found on the bark, generally regarded as a variety of the 

 former. This occurs in situations where no species of Senecio is to 

 be found, and M. Cornu has succeeded in connecting it genetically 

 with Cronartium asclepiadeum, found on Vincetoxicum officinale. No 

 secidial form had hitherto been known of any species of Cronartium. 



Uredineae parasitic on Rosa andRubus. f — Herr J. Miiller enume- 

 rates the Uredinese hitherto known as parasitic on different species of 

 Bosa and Bubus, viz. on Bosa : — Phragmidium subcoriicium (on several 

 species), and P. Bosse alpinse ; and on Bubus : — P. violaceum, P. Bubi, 

 P. Bubi Idsei, and Chrysomyxa albida. To these he now adds the two 

 following new species : — Phragmidium tuberculatum on Bosa canina 

 and cinnamomea, and Uredo secidioides, on Bubus. Two other new 

 species are also described, viz. Fusarium spermogoniopsis and F. uredi- 

 nicola both parasitic on other Uredineae, themselves parasitic on Bosa 

 and Bubus, the former on Phragmidium subcorticium and P. Bubi, the 

 latter either on these parasites or on their hosts. 



Pine-destroying Fungi and Insects. %— M. Lindemann describes 

 the rapid destruction of pine-trees through the combined attacks of 

 a fungus and an insect. The root-like processes or rhizomorphs of 

 Agaricus melleus penetrate the roots of the pine and mount up the stem , 



* Comptes Rendus, xcii. (1886) pp. 930-2. 

 f Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Gesell., iii. (1886) pp. 391-5. 



j Arch. Slav, de Biol., i. (1886) pp. 223-4, from Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, 

 1885. 



