ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 1007 



bile, abdominal transudations, &c. It corresponds exactly to Hexa- 

 mitius Duj., and is referable to the family Polymastiginia, among tbe 

 Flagellata Isomastigoda. Its variable occurrence and appearance are 

 described. During inanition tbe structure of the mucosa becomes 

 modified ; it becomes more permeable. Young forms may thus pass 

 from the intestinal tract, where they are constant parasites, into the 

 vascular and lymphatic system. It is evident that with deficient 

 nutrition, an emigration of the monads from the empty intestinal 

 canal becomes very necessary. 



Prof. Danilewsky has already * described in the blood of birds, 

 (1) a gregarine-like form allied to Hsemogregarina testudinis Step. 

 and to Drepanidium ; (2) Trypanosoma avium ; (3) a peculiar spherical, 

 flagellate Hsematozoon. To these he adds some forms which he has 

 recently observed : (a) very motile, narrow, flagellate forms, like the 

 Hrematozoon (Herpetomonas Lewisil) in Mus decumana ; they are 

 found freely in the blood of Laniadse, &c, or in the interior of the 

 red blood-corpuscles ; (b) a small, spherical, transparent Hacmocytozoon 

 (i. e. within a red blood-corpuscle), which gradually acquires a 

 vermicular form. Internally an apparent nucleus may be demon- 

 strated. Prof. Danilewsky promises a future discussion of the 

 relations and history of these blood-parasites. 



BOTANY. 



A. GENERAL, including 1 the Anatomy and Physiology 



of the Phanerogainia. 



a. Anatomy, f 



Lecithin in Plants.! — MM. E. Heckel and F. Schlagdenhauffen 

 claim to have discovered a new physiological link between the animal 

 and vegetable kingdoms, in the presence of lecithin in the tissues of a 

 number of plants (but not all) examined by them. The method 

 employed was the production of phosphoric acid by a certain chemical 

 treatment, which acid could result only from the presence of lecithin 

 in the tissues treated. 



Thickening- of the wall of Epidermal Cells of Cruciferae.§ — 

 According to Heir M. Abraham, this change, which is characteristic 

 of many Crucifer®, does not begin until the cells have attained the size 

 which they bear in the ripe seed, and is always preceded by the cells 

 becoming filled with starch-grains. The additional layers usually 



* Biol. Centralbl., v. (18S5). See Ihis Journal, ante, p. 635. 



t This subdivision contains (1) Cell-structure and Protoplasm (inoluding the 

 Nucleus and Cell-division ; (2) Other Cell-contents (including the Cell-sap and 

 Chlorophyll); (3) Secretions; (4) Structure of Tissues; and (5) Structure of 

 Organs. 



X Comptes Rendus, ciii. (18S6) pp. 3SS-90. 



§ Pringsheim's Jahrb. f. Wiss. Bot., xvi. (1S85) pp. 599-637 (2 pis.). 



