754 



SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATINQ TO 



also of certain tyjies closely related to this family. His memoir includes 

 a k'ugtlietK'd historical review, a general description of the structure of 

 Urcet)laria3, and in the third place special descriptions of the various 

 genera and species examined. 



In discussing the general form, the author notes the weakness of tho 

 evidence in favour of Biitschli's theory that the forms of Licnojjhora 

 have their origin from Hypotriclia, and tliat the Trichodinpc are directly 

 descended from Licnopliora. The interesting fixing apparatus is dis- 

 cussed at length. In such a peritrichous type as Scypliidia the structure 

 is seen at its simplest ; it is 6i)ecialized in varying degrees in tho 

 Urceolariae. The suctorial mechanism is described. A few notes on 

 the minute structure of ectoplasm and endoplasm arc communicated. 



As to reiiroduction, tho Trichodinidfe multiply by longiturlinal 

 division, but this was never observed in tho Licnophoridre. In the 

 division of the former the solid covering pieces sj^lit up and regenerate 

 like the rest of the body ; they are certainly merely ectoplasmic. Tho 

 processes of division in Leiotrocha serpularum and Anhymenia scorpenae 

 were especially observed. 



As a general character of the group, the author emphasizes especially 

 the fixing ai)paratus, and discusses tho classificatory value of the direction 

 of the buccal sjiire, the presence or absence of a striated cupola on the 

 fixing apparatus, the form of the supporting ring, the character of the 

 resting nucleus, &c. 



Buccal spire to left, no 

 striated cupola 



"o ( 



■- ' 



Buccal spire 

 to right, a 

 striated 

 cupula 



'supporting 

 ring 

 smooth 



toothed 



circle of cilia 

 cilia and cirri 



Licnophora C, 



Urccolaria St. 

 Leiotrocha n. g. 



/circle of cilia Anhymenia n. g. 



I cilia and cirri .. .. Cijclocyrrha n. g, 

 (cilia and velum .. .. Trichodina TShrb. 



\ Ciliated body Trichodinopsis C. & L. 



All the known species are parasitic on the surface or in the interior 

 of marine or fresh- water animals. Amphibians, fishes, molluscs, worms, 

 ccelenterates are all infested. The same sj)ecies may frequent very 

 diflfercnt hosts ; thus Trichodina pediculus of the Hydra is the same as 

 that which infests frog tadpoles and the abdominal cavity of newts. 



Euglena.* — Herr J. Fankhauser has observed that when Eiujlenae 

 are treated so as to remove the water, spiral furrows make their appear- 

 ance on the surface of the body running in the direction of the ciliary 

 movement. 



Cryptomonadineae.f — M. P. A. Dangeard states that Ehrenberg places 

 in Cryptomonadina the genera Cryptomonas, Ophidomonas, Prorocentrum, 

 Lafjenclla, Cryptorjlena, and Trachelomonas. The author's conclusions 

 are as follows : — (1) That the work of M. Kunstler must be regarded as 

 inaccurate. (2) The development of Crypdomonas includes reproduction 

 by longitudinal division, a production of colonies or palmelloid forma- 



* MT. Naturf. Gesell. Bern, 1888, p. xxiii. 



t Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xxxv. (1888) pp. 127-30. 



