ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 431 



the (Esophagus, and ends in a cul-de-sac. The visceral lacunar system 

 communicates with neither of these parts, nor with the exterior. 



Echinoidea of Japan.* — The first part of Dr. L. Doderlein's mono- 

 graph of the Echinoidea of Japan deals with the Cidaridae and Saleinidas ; 

 four new species of Cidaris, a new Porocidaris, and three species of 

 Goniocidaris are described ; of the latter G. mikado is remarkable for the 

 small number of coronal plates, and the extraordinary form of the 

 spines. 



Gemmation in Linckia nmltipora.f — Drs. P. and F. Sarasin have 

 published a further account of their observations on gemmation in 

 Linckia multipora,% where they add to their own facts an historical notice 

 of what has been seen and said by some other observers, and give 

 illustrations of the specimens they collected. 



Emigration of Amoeboid Corpuscles in the Star-fish.§ — Mr. H. E. 

 Durham has made some observations on the emigration of amoeboid cor- 

 puscles in Asterias rubens. Indian ink or precipitated anilin blue was in- 

 jected into the coelomic cavity ; the granules thus introduced are ingested 

 by the amoeboid corpuscles that float in the coelomic fluid, and the granule- 

 laden phagocytes can be seen very plainly in the dermal branchiae of a 

 living specimen ; here the cilia of the coelomic epithelium cause them to 

 dance up and down in the branchia, and to be thrown against the wall ; 

 every now and then a corpuscle adheres at or near the apex of the bran- 

 chia, and by repetition a small clump may be formed. After adhesion the 

 corpuscles creep by their amoeboid movement through the coelomic 

 epithelium, the connective tissue layer, and the epidermis to the exterior 3 

 and the animal is thus freed from some of the irritating particles. For a 

 time the corpuscles retain their irregular amoeboid shape ; they then 

 become spherical and swell up ; later they disintegrate, and the contained 

 granules are set free. 



Besides the corpuscles containing Indian ink, others were found 

 loaded with refringent granules. If a star-fish be kept in a vessel into 

 which fresh sea- water is constantly dripping, it throws off from its 

 surface a certain amount of a dirty brownish slime. This slime appears 

 to contain identically loaded corpuscles. For such bodies the author 

 proposes the term sphaeruliferous. On them a holotrichous Infusorian 

 and a species of Caprella were seen to feed. 



Madreporite of Cribrella ocellata.|| — Mr. H. E. Durham has made 

 a series of vertical longitudinal sections through the madreporite of a 

 full-grown specimen of Cribrella occllata, in which the madreporic canals 

 have a peculiar relation to the stone-canal or water-tube. Most of the 

 pore-canals pass into collecting canals, which open into the stone-canal 

 directly ; but a few lead into the space below the madreporite, which is 

 the upper extremity of the " schlauchformiger Kanal." The stone-canal 

 dilates laterally on either side into an ampulla, and one of these has an 

 aperture into the latter canal. Now this is derived from the enterocoele, 

 so that, in the specimen described, there is a permanent connection be- 

 tween the hydroccele-cavity and the enteroccele-cavity. It is not yet 

 known whether or no this is an abnormal arrangement. 



* Nature, xxxvii. (1888) pp. 243-4. 



t ' Ergebnisse Naturw. Forschungen auf Ceylon' ("Wiesbaden, 1S88), pp. 74-9 

 (1 pi.). X See this Journal, ante, p. 233. 



§ Proc. Roy. Soc, xliii. (1888) pp. 327-30 (1 pi ). || Tom. cit., pp. 330-3. 



