ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 75 



by the lower, transversely truncated, pole of the body. One of the 

 broad sides of the funnel is produced into two symmetrically placed 

 lobes which are bent over inwards and partially cover up the cavity of 

 the funnel. The bacilli form a lattice-work, through which only the 

 smaller food-particles can pass to reach the short CESophagus which is 

 situated at the bottom of the funnel. The nucleus is rounded and finely 

 granular, but no paranucleus could be detected. As in Spirochona 

 gemmijpara, reproduction is effected by buds which are constricted off at 

 a spot on the ventral surface at the base of the neck. 



Nyctotherus in Blood of Apus cancriformis.* — Prof. G. Entz has 

 found a large number of examples of a parasitic ciliated infusorian in 

 the blood of the gills of Apus cancriformis ; they gave the appearance of 

 the gills having been injected by a hardened mass. The species may be 

 called Nyctotherus hsematohius ; the body is of a compressed oviform 

 shape, sometimes sharper at the anterior or both ends ; the left lateral 

 margin is strongly, and the right slightly convex ; the body-bands on the 

 dorsal surface run parallel to the left lateral margin; the peristome 

 appears to correspond exactly to that of other species of the same genus ; 

 the anus is placed a little to the left of the hinder pole of the body, and 

 the characteristic anal tube is directed forwards and to the right. The 

 resemblance to N. cordiformis, from the intestine of the frog, is so close 

 that were it not for the differences in the form and position of the 

 nucleus it would be impossible to separate them ; that of the new species 

 is somewhat compressed and circular, with a laterally placed paranucleus 

 in the middle or, as more often happens, in the hinder half of the 

 body. 



The bodies of different specimens vary considerably in size, from 

 O'OSmm. to 0*12 mm. in length. Though various stages of division 

 were observed, cysts were never seen. 



Influence of Light on Noctiluca.f— M. F. Henneguy gives an 

 account of experiments on the influence of light on the phosphorescence 

 of Noctiluca. He finds that it is not luminous during the day, and that 

 it only becomes so after being half an hour in a darkened room. After 

 an hour's darkness the phosphorescence acquires the intensity observable 

 during night. In the evening phosphorescence is not complete till two 

 hours after sunset. 



Psorosperminm Lucernarise.l — Mr. E. Vallentin describes a sporo- 

 zoon which he first observed in the tissues of Lucernaria auricula ; in 

 the rare L. cyathiformis as many as thirty distinct psorosperm masses 

 were observed in a single individual, and they appear to affect the well- 

 being of the host, for when a stimulus — in the shape of a needle-point- 

 was applied to the margin of the umbrella the "latent period" was 

 decidedly longer than in a specimen of L. auricula. No definite 

 membrane separates the spores from the " structureless layer " of its 

 host ; in their youngest stage they consist of a spherical mass of proto- 

 plasm which forms the wall; larger cells, irregularly scattered, are 

 found interiorly; they are inclosed by a hyaline envelope of varying 

 size and possess one or two nuclei. The centre is occupied by several, 

 and at times by numerous chitin-like capsules — the debris of those which 



* Zool. Anzeig., xi. (1888) pp. 618-20. 



+ Comptes Kendus Soc. Biol., v. (1888) pp. 707-8. 



t Zool. Auzeig., xi. (1888) pp. 622-3. 



