ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 249 



discusses some of the statements made by Greef in liis larger paper on 

 the Echiurida (in the -ilst vol. of the Nova Acta Leop.-Car. Akad.) 

 which only came into his hands after his own paper was concluded. 



Nematode Worms in the Urine.* — A case of the occurrence of 

 one of these worms in the urine of a woman is recorded by Dr. S. H. 

 Scheiber, from Hungary; the chief accompanying symptoms were a 

 slight bronchial affection, abdominal pains, loss of appetite, moderate 

 febrility ; the urine was scanty and dark, and contained albumen, pus- 

 and other cells, and a great number of living and dead worms, a low 

 proportion of urates and chlorides, &c. The larger worms were 

 provided with distinct generative organs, and lived for three days in 

 alkaline urine. Many thousands of these worms must have been 

 passed in the day ; their origin was ultimately determined to be the 

 generative organs of the patient. They agree in structure with the 

 genus Bhabditis of Dujardin, the members of which genus are usually 

 free-livers, inhabiting stagnant water or foul damp soil, but are some- 

 times entoparasitic ; this species is provisionally named Bli. genitalis. 



Studies on the Cestoda.f — M. Moniez, in dealing with the ovary 

 of Tcenia serrata, points out that, in addition to the two ordinarily 

 recognized ovarian glands, the so-called albuminiparous gland is a 

 third organ of the same set ; this last is attached to the tube by which 

 the ova pass into the uterus ; it varies in form in different species. 



The histology of the uterus has been studied in T. crassicollis ; in 

 it the cellular investment of the uterus may be seen to disappear 

 suddenly. 



In many species the sperm-duct has no primary communication 

 with the testicular follicles and ends in a cul-de-sac. In Leuckartia 

 this is very well seen ; on the other hand, in young specimens of 

 T. crassicollis branches communicating with the male glands have 

 been observed. 



Dealing with the calcareous corpuscles, the author gives an 

 account of his studies on Ligula ; there he finds them arising at the 

 expense of the fusiform cells of the general tissue, which increase in 

 size without altering in form, and take on a vitreous appearance under 

 the influence of reagents. This does not last long; soon there is 

 formed, at the expense of the greater part of the contents, a more or 

 less spheroidal body which is distinguished by its denser aspect ; this 

 is the future calcareous body ; the writer compares the process with 

 the formation of calcareous bodies in certain Turbellaria, as already 

 described by Hallez. 



The ovary is well developed in Ligula, where it is unilateral and 

 ventral. A prolongation of this ovary into the central parenchyma 

 recalls the characters of the ovary of Leuckartia ; but here it remains 

 rudimentary. The ovarian tube is sometimes very short when the 

 eggs pass into the parenchyma. 



The penial pouch of Ligula has added on to it a bulbous enlargement 



* Arch, Path. Anat. Physiol. (Virchow), Ixxxii. (1880) p. 161, and part of 

 pi. V. (figs. 1-7). 



t Bull. Sci. Dep. Nord, iii. (1880) pp. 356-8, 407-9. 



