440 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



Miocene to the Greensand of the New Zealand Survey. Mr. Woods 

 uses the term Bryozoa for the first time, as he says he is not convinced 

 by the reasons Mr. Hincks gives for using " Polyzoa," and thinks " it 

 useless for English and a few American naturalists to withstand the 

 universal use of Ehrenberg's term." 



Under the sub-order Hydrocorallinse he describes two species of 

 Heteropora, two of Gylindropora, and one Sporadopora. It is at 

 present somewhat bold to place Heteropora under the Hydrocorallinae, 

 for while we may well be asked to susj^end judgment, we may also 

 ask for further proof before forms having so many points in common 

 with Discoporella and other Cyclostomous Bryozoa are removed to 

 the Hydrocorallinse. One of the forms, he says, comes very near 

 to (if it is not identical with) the Heteropora neozelandica Busk, and 

 he finds no sign of hymen-like lids in the interstitial tubes. 



Under the Bryozoa nineteen species are mentioned, ten of which 

 are described as new and the rest were previously known in other 

 localities. Mr. Woods, following Stoliczka, places Spiroporina verte- 

 bralis Stol. among the Cyclostomata, while it is undoubtedly Chilo- 

 stomatous and should be called Myriozoum, if that genus is to be based 

 principally on the spongy character of the axis ; or should not 

 Myriozoum retain its present position, then it must be Porina. From 

 the figure and description it is difficult to assign a place to the other 

 Spiroporina, which is probably also Chilostomatous ; and there is an 

 Australian fossil with very similar mode of growth, with the oral 

 aperture of a Schizoporella, surrounded with a tubular peristome. 



Fossil Chilostomatous Bryozoa from Australia.* — Mr. A. W. 

 Waters gives a descriptive list of seventy-two species of Bryozoa 

 belonging to the sub-order Chilostomata, from a lump of clay obtained 

 from the neighbourhood of the Yarra-Yarra Eiver, Victoria. The 

 specimens are fragmentary, but in excellent preservation. There are 

 eight species of Catenicella, a genus unknown in the fossil state until 

 quite recently, when Mr. B. Wilson described twelve fossil species, 

 none of which are known living ; two of the Yarra-Yarra species 

 still live in the Australian seas, and one of these also occurs in the 

 Geological Society's collection from Mount Gambier. Among the 

 most interesting of the specimens is a Catenicella, consisting of long 

 internodes, with a double row of cells in each internode. The short- 

 beaded Catenicelloe now living have probably been develoj)ed from 

 forms with long internodes. Microporella is also well represented by 

 some interesting forms, which make it necessary to widen the defini- 

 tion of the genus. A very interesting Cellaria with subglobular 

 internodes explains the Cretaceous fossil called Eschara aspasia by 

 d'Orbigny. Of the Chilostomata found in this deposit, thirty-nine are 

 considered new, although this nimiber may have to be reduced ; nine* 

 teen are now found living. 



The author adopts the principles of classification laid down by 

 Hincks, Smitt, and other recent writers on living Bryozoa, which he 

 regards as preferable in themselves, and also as facilitating the com- 

 parison of fossil with recent forms. 



* Abstr. Proc. Gcol. Soc. 1881, pp. 73-4. 



