488 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



diaceae, Zygnemaceae. b. Zygomycetes, Entomopbthoracefe, Ustilagi- 

 naceae, Piptocephalideae, Mucoracefe. 



2. Siphoklece. Cells aseiform, differentiated into radicular, axial, 

 and fertile regions ; non-sexual reproduction by zoogonidia, sexual 

 reproduction by the union of similar motionless (Zygosporeae) or 

 swarm-cells, gametes (Syngametaj), or by tbe union of a swarm-cell 

 (spermatozuid)\vith a motionless primordial cell or ovum (Oosporeae). 

 a. Siphopbyceae : — Caulerpaceae, Bryopsidefe (Botrydium), Codiaceae, 

 Vaucberiaceae (tbe latter family only belonging to tbe Oosporeae, the 

 rest to tbe Syngamette). h. Sipbomycetes : — Peronos^joraceae, Sapro- 

 legniaceae, Chytridiaceae. 



3. Coenohm. Cells undifferentiated into regions, free or united 

 into families (colonies) ; reproduction as in (2). a. Ccsnopbyceae : — 

 Protococcacefe, Palmellaceae, Valoniacea3, Volvocaceae, Hydrodictyaceae. 

 h. Coeuomycetes : — Myxomycetes, 



4. Confevvoulece. Rows of cells simple (monosticbia), or often 

 branched, rarely in plates ; rein-oductive cells developed in all or 

 only in certain members of tbe filaments, a. Syngametfe : — Ulvaceae, 

 Ulotricbaccfe, Cladopboraceae. h. Oosporeae ; — SpbaeropleaceaB, CEdo- 

 goniaceae, Coleocbaetaceae. 



5. Fuco'idecB. Cells united, in the typical forms, into a parenchy- 

 matous tissue ; reproductive cells produced in receptacles (sporangia), 

 which are limited to definite regions of tbe thallus (fertile region), 

 a. Phaeosporea3 (Syngametfe) :— Ectocarpe^e, Spbacelariaceae, Chor- 

 dariaceae, Laminariaceae, Sporochnoidea?. 6. Oosporefe : — Fucace^e. 



The Characeae are placed by the author among the Bryopbyta, 

 since the " oospore " of that family must be regarded as a mono- 

 sporous sporogonium. He terms them Phycohrya, forming tbe first 

 order of Bryojibyta, and constituting a state of transition to the 

 second order, tbe Musci, which must be divided into a large number 

 of equivalent families. 



Muscineae. 



European Harpidia.* — Dr. C. Sanio gives a complete synopsis 

 of tbe section " Hari^idium " of Hypniim, characterized, in addition 

 to structural peculiarities, by growing in water or damp meadows or 

 bogs. The following are the characters used in tbe sub.-sections. 



1. Species quarum folia ccllulis alaribus manifestis plerumque nume- 

 rosis instructa sunt. a. Species monoicae. 1. Hyjmiim uncinatum ; 



2. H.fluitans (cum varietatibus) ; b. Species dioicae ; 3. IT. exannu- 

 latum (cum varietatibus) ; 4. H. aduncum (cum varietatibus nume- 

 rosis) ; 5. H. srorpioides. II. Species cellulis alaribus nuUis vel raro 

 paucis obsoletis. a. Species monoica. 6. H. revolvens ; b. Species 

 dioicae ; 7. H. intermedium ; 8. H. Jycopodioides (cum varietatibus). 



Fungi. 



Hymenomycete with the Hymenium on the under side.t— In 

 addition to his previous record of this abnormal structure,^ S. Schulzer 



* Bot. Centralbl., i. (1880) Gratis-Beilagc ii. 

 t Oesterr. Bot. Zeit., xxxi. (1881) pp. 113-15. 

 J See this Journul, ii. (1879) p. 314. 



