66 MR. F. E. BEDDARD OX THE 



Dr. Mitchell *. For the jejunal region possesses no definite loops 

 and the gut, as a whole, is entirely like that of the majority of 

 the Picopasseres. In Eudynamis orientalis the pancreas extends 

 to the very end of the duodenal loop ; the ileo-duodenal ligament 

 also extends in its attachment to nearly the end of the duodenal 

 loop. The ileic loop is, however, longer than the duodenal. 

 In the jejunal region there are no specialised loops, and this part 

 of the gut shows indications of a spiral arrangement. 



Of the MusophagidjB I have examined two examples of 

 T'uracus macrorhynchus and one of T. bujf'oiii. The two 

 individuals of T. macrorhynchus agreed absolutely ; the gut of 

 T. huffo7ii differed very slightly from that of its congener. In 

 Turacus macrorhynchus the duodenal and ileic loops were closely 

 connected throughout their whole length by an ileo-duodenal 

 ligament. The loops were moderately wide and of equal length 

 or very nearly so. The jejunal loop is a little longer than either 

 of the others and has a slight tendency to a spiral ; Avhen 

 straightened out forcibly it lies in a Y shape with some slight 

 rotation, a,s Hunter has figured in the case of Scythrops 7iOvce- 

 hollandice t. The pancreas, it should be observed, extends down 

 to the very end of the duodenal loop. The only diff"erence that 

 I could detect in Turacus huff'oni is that the ileic loop is rather 

 longer than the duodenal. It is clear that the intestinal tract 

 of these birds is precisely like that of the Cuckoos and of the 

 majority of the Picopasseres. 



Of the group Hemipodii or Turnicbs I have dissected two 

 examples of the species Turnix varia. They were quite identical 

 in the convolutions of the intestinal tract. The duodenal and 

 the ileic loops were attached up to the end or very neai'ly so by an 

 ileo-duodenal ligament. The loops were also fairly broad. The 

 jejunal region of the gut lying between these two loops at either 

 extremity of the canal was formed of a single loop, which had a 

 tendency to twist itself into apparently two loops ; but, without 

 tearing or in any way interfering with the mesentery, this part 

 of the gut could be moulded into the characteristic Passer-ine 

 plan, as is shown in the accompanying figure (text-fig. 19). The 

 pancreas extends right to the end of the duodenal loop. It is 

 obvious from what has been said that this bird has a typically 

 Passerine gut. It has not the faintest likeness to any Gallinaceous 

 bird. Its likeness to many Passerines is shown by the fact that 

 the pancreas extends down to the very end of the duodenal loop, 

 and also by the breadth and connection up to the very end or 

 nearly so of the ileic and duodenal loops as well as by the slightly 

 spiral, and limited, jejunal loop. 



AcciPiTRES. — Among the Accipitrine birds which have not been 

 examined by Dr. Mitchell I have dissected the Harpy Eagle, jyarjt??/- 

 haliaetus coronatus. The duodenal loop is moderately wide and the 

 pancreas does not extend far down it. The ileic loop is also fairly 



* Loc. eit. p. 242, np. 60. 



t ' Essays and Observations,' vol. ii. p. 286. 



