2G8 PROF. J. 0. EWART OX 



the premaxillfe vary in wild as well as in domestic cattle the relation 

 of the premaxillfe to the nnsals is of little diagnostic value. 



The Forehead.— In the NeAvstead skulls the forehead varies 

 considerably ; in some specimens it is flattened as in a typical Urus 

 (text-fig. 66), and the ridge between the horn-cores is nearly 

 straight ; in others there are prominences and depressions and the 

 intercornual ridge is arcuated as in some specimens of the Ui'us, 

 Avhile in a polled'skull (text-fig. 77) of the/ro«ios^r.s type, the vertex 

 projects forwards and npwai'ds to foi-m a well-marked rounded 

 mesial prominence. In this polled skull there is also a projection 

 from the middle of the forehead and a well-marked ridge at each 



Text-fig. 81. 



Hind part of skull of tlie Urus represented in text-fig. 66. 



The front of tlie horn-core is in a line with the occipital condyle, and the temporal 

 fossa IS closed behind by a plate of bone which supports the horn-core. 



side between the orbit and the long deep orbital sulcus. In old 

 animals the parietals seem to be completely covered by the 

 frontals. But even when the intercornual ridge pi'ojects fax- 

 l)eyond the level of the occij^ital condyles the interparietal 

 proljabl}" enters into the formation of the forehead. That the 

 parietals (or the interparietals) form part of the forehead in polled 

 Oxen is indicated b}^ text-fig. 78 B, J^a. That in horned Oxen the 

 parietals al.so enter into the formation of the forehead is suggested 

 by a large skull of the Urus tyjse in the Royal College of Surgeons- 

 Museum, London (No. 1121 A). In this skull the frontals are 

 separated by a wedge-sliaped piece of bone (probably the inter- 



