328 MR. E. G. BOULENGER OX THE 



I. The Typical Form. 



This form deserves to be regarded as the typical, not only 

 because the name maculosa applies best to it, but because it is the 

 only one found in Austria {cf. Werner, 32, p. 119), where it was 

 described under that name by Laurenti (18, pp. 42, 151). It also 

 happens to be the form figured by most authors :— Aldrovandi(l, 

 p. 641), Rosel (24, frontispiece), Latreille (17, pi- i-), Sturm (30), 

 Reider & Hahn (23), Funk (13, pi. 1.), Bonaparte (5), Rusconi 

 (25, pi. i.), and Camerano (6, pi. i.). It corresponds to the vars. 

 A and C of Dumeril and Bibron (9, p. 37j, a-c of Schreiber (27, 

 p. 75). In this form the black nearly always greatly predominates 

 over the yellow, the latter appearing as markings of various 

 shapes, — round, elongate, C". S-, Y-shaped, &c., and disposed over 

 the body, often in 3 to 5 alternating series, or with a median 

 series forming a sinuous or zigzag vertebral stripe. If, as is very 

 exceptionally the case, the dorsal spots appear to form two longi- 

 tudinal series, it will be observed that they by no means hang 

 together in regular chains continuous with the spots on the 

 parotoids. Only in one specimen (from Lausanne) have I felt 

 embarrassed as to the form to which it should be referred. Upper 

 eyelid and parotoid usually entirely, sometimes only partially, 

 yellow, the spots on the parotoid may even be entirely absent 

 (specimens from Algeria and Morocco). The two spots thus 

 located are, as a rule, distinct, but may occasionally run together. 

 In a specimen from ISTagy Begskerek, Hungary, the yellow 

 markings on the upper eyelids extend across the interorbital 

 region, forming a cross-bar. The sides usually bear spots, which 

 may number vxp to 15, in which case they are, of course, very small. 

 A spot above the angle of the mouth is absent in only about 5 per 



