VARIATIONS OF THE SPOTTED SALAMANDER. 



329 



cent, of the specimens. Gular region with a few large or small 

 markings, sometimes completely unspotted. Below entirely black 

 or with spots which are usually of small size, the only specimens 

 with very large spots being single ones from Genoa, Yiterbo, and 

 Reggio in Italy. Snout generally entirely black. Limbs black, 

 with a characteristic yellow blotch on the upper surface of the 

 arm and thigh, near the base, which is constantly present ; a 

 second on the forearm and leg may or may not also be present. 

 Hand and foot entirely black or with one or two (rarely more) 

 yellow spots, which, as a rule, are not confluent with the spot on 

 the forearm and leg. Single or paired spots on the tail, which 

 may run together to form a stripe. Under surface of tail nearly 

 always black. 



Text-fig. 100. 



Forma tijpua. 



The coloui- of the bright markings varies from chrome-yellow to 

 a deep orange. I have found traces of claret-red on the head in 

 some specimens from Genoa. The usual absence of yellow on 

 the snout has been mentioned above ; the only exceptions I have 

 noted are to be found in specimens fi'om Lausanne, Avignon, 



