406 MR. F. E. BEDDAKD ON THE ANATOMY 



(fesophago-pulmonary muscle is closely associated in function. 

 Avitli the hindermost of the petrohyoid muscles. 



Here, however, the principal resemblances end and there remain 

 certain important differences. 



The most important of these points of difference is that the 

 muscle which we are discussing has no relations whatever, 

 except those of contiguity, to the respiratory organs. I believe 

 that I can assert this fact with confidence ; but I have no reason 

 to doubt the essential acciiracy of my description of the other 

 species of Breviceps. The difference in this particular may be 

 due to the extraordinary development of the bronchi in Brevice2)s 

 gihhosus. In this species, the insertions of the oesophageal muscle 

 and of the hindermost petrohyoideus are as follows : — Two muscles 

 are seen to be inserted on to the ventral surface of the oesophagus, 

 fanning out somewhat at their insertion, which falls short of the 

 middle ventral line. It is perfectly clear, when these muscles are 

 followed back, that they have no attachment (distal) other than 

 to the surface of the oesophagus. The oesophageal muscle is the 

 larger of the two, and it pai'tly forms an arch over the oesophagus 

 which is not attached to it ; some of its fibres, that is to say, run 

 from one vertebral transverse process to the corresponding one 

 upon the opposite side of the body. The rest are inserted upon 

 the oesophagus ; but they pass underneath the fibres of the petro- 

 hyoideus and are inserted laterally to them. The insertion of the 

 petrohyoideus upon the oesophagus appears to me to be quite as 

 extensive and important as is that of the oesophageal muscle 

 itself. 



§ AUmenta7y Tract. 



I have had represented in the accompanying text-figure 

 (text-fig. 130) the intestinal tract of an example of Breviceps 

 gihhosus, which has been opened up for the greater part of its 

 length. The general aspect of the intestine of this species is very 

 like that of the species which I formerly described *, and it 

 can be divided into precisely the same regions. In the present 

 species the duodenum measured 7" mm. in length ; the ensuing 

 wide region of the intestine was double this length, viz. 14 mm. ; 

 the long narrow terminal region, which opens into the colon, was 

 again double the length of the preceding region and measured 

 29 mm. The short duodenum shows externally a division into 

 small and approximately equal rounded areas. This appeai'ance 

 was also seen internally where the folds of mucous membrane 

 constitute a network. 



In the wide region of this gut the folds are circular and pre- 

 cisely as I have described them in the other species. In the 

 terminal region of the small intestine the folds are entirely 

 longitudinal, and there is a transitional area which is also 

 indicated in the accompanying text-figure. 



* P. Z. S. 1908, p. 32, text-fig. 10. 



