458 DR. p. CHALMERS MITCHELL ON LONGEVITY AND 



. No. of Av. dur. Max. dur. 



AnTILOCAPRID^. jjj^i^_ in months, in montlis. 



Antilocapra americana (Pronghorn) ... 6 9 30 



Prongliorn Antelopes are notoriously delicate in captivity, not 

 only in London, but in other zoological collections. The records 

 afford no information as to the specific longevity, and only 

 confirm knowledge as to the low viability of these animals. 



GlRAFFID^. 



(?«'«/«, whole genus 10 101-9 229 



It is to be expected that Giraflfos, in correspondence with their 

 large size, should have a relatively great specific longevity com- 

 pared with other ruminants. The record, a duration of over 

 19 years, is just surpassed by that of a Zebu, and whilst it is 

 fairly high, is certainly not high in proportion to the great size 

 of the animal. The average duration shows a fairly good viability. 

 Giraffes have always been given artificial heat in cold weather, and 

 for the most part have been allowed access to the open air only 

 in summer. 



Capt. Flower records a Girafi"e still alive after 8 years' duration. 



Cervid^. 



■1. »- No. of Av. dur. Max. dur. 



iVlOSCHTNiE. jj,j-y_ -^ months, in months. 



Mosckus tnoschiferus (Musk-deer) 4 26 65 



Musk-deer have shown a low viability. There is some difficulty 

 as to their food in captivity, as their natural diet of twigs and 

 buds is difficult to supply; they are animals capable of surviving 

 extreme exposure to cold, and in captivity have probably been sub- 

 jected to too much artificial warmth. 



Cervine. fy^ .Av.dur. Max. dm-. 



Indiv. in months, m months. 



CerwiZ^s, whole genus 14 71 126 



C. crinifrons (Hairy-fronted Muntjac). 1 73 73 



C. Zacr?/m«OTS (Crying Muntjac) 1 126 126 



C. muntjac (Indian :■> ) 7 39 96 



0. reevesi (Reeves's ,, ) 5 105 121 



Elaphodus michianus (Michie's Tufted 9 16 46 



Deer). 



Cervus, whole genus 173 68*8 243 



Red-deer group. 



Cervtts elaphus (Red Deer) 17 69 191 



C. A;asAm^V■^VMi^^s (Kashmir Deei) 1 148 148 



C. maral (Persian ' ,, ) 3 98 172 



C.Uehdorfi (Liihdorfs „ ) 2 52-5 79 



C. canadensis (Wapiti „ )...... 10 156-9 243 



