534 nu. r. ciialmers Mitchell on longlvity and 



pi-obabl}' the same specimen recorded in my list as a Mantell's 

 Apt3ryx. Altliough the Kiwis are small if considered in com- 

 parison with Struthious birds, they are actually large birds, and 

 the iignres of maximum and average durations cannot be taken 

 as showing that these birds have a high viability in proportion 

 to their size. They are nocturnal, and have generally been con- 

 lined in small shelters in a heated aviaiy. The alimentary tract 

 is of slender calibre, and not long in proportion to the size of 

 the bird, but the hind-gut and especially the cseca are extremely 

 capacious. 



CASUARII.* 



Casuarias, whol e genus .- 72 



(?'. casuarius (Common or Ceram 



Cassowary). 

 C. c. 6eccam (Beccari's Cassowary) ... 

 C. c. schiteri (D'Albertis' „ ) ... 

 C. c. salvadori (Salvadoii's ,, ) ... 

 C. c. intensus (Blue-necked „ ) ... 

 C. c. vioUcollis (Violet-necked 



Cassowary). 

 C. c. austr'alis (Australian ,, ) 



C. hicarunculatus (Two-wattled 



Cassowary). 

 C. uniappendiculatus (One-wattled 10 13'9 43 



Cassowary). 

 C. u. occipitalis (Jobi Island One- 1 10 10 



wattled Cassowary). 

 C. tt. aurantiacus (Eastern One- 18 8 



wattled Cassowary). 

 C. u. rufotinctus (Red-tinted One- 2 21-5 26 



wattled Cassowary). 

 C. philipi (Sclater's „ ) 1 



C. papimnus (Westermann's ,, ) 5 

 C. p. edioardsi (Milne-Edwards's 2 



Cassowary). 

 C. jt??rficoZ?."s (Painted- necked ,, ) 1 



C. he nnetti [MooYw^) 5 



Dro'mcBus novce-hollandice (Emu) ... 5 



Mr. J. H. Gurney (loc. cit. p. 40) has recorded an Emu of 28 

 years, and a Westermann's Cassowary of 26 years. The figures on 

 my list are very much lower, the maximum dui-ation being 15g 

 years for a Cassowary. In the period considered they were kept in 

 a warmed house with open-air yards, but to what extent they were 

 allowed free access to the yards, I am unable to say. The figures 



* [In the sj'nonymy of the Casso.varies 1 have followed Mr. L. W. Rothschild, 

 Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. xv. p. 109. J 



