DEATHS IN THE SOCIETY'S GARDENS. 15 



consisting in connective tissue overgrowth around the bronchi, 

 local collapse of the lung, and sub-pleural dilatations of the 

 bronchioles and alveolar passages. In these cysts the mature 

 parasites are found, sometimes in large numbers. The excreta 

 of the mites, which contain very resistant doubly-refracting 

 crystals, seem to be the principal cause of the irritation. The 

 majority of these monkeys also suffered from intestinal nema- 

 todes, of which an QSso2)hagostoma was the most frequent and 

 caused damage of varying severity to the colon. The larvae of 

 this parasite apparently enter the body through the skin and 

 encyst in the wall of the large intestine causing multiple haemor- 

 rhages. When mature they burrow through into the lumen of 

 the gut, and the passage thus afforded to the micro-organisms 

 of the intestine occasionally leads to local and general peritonitis. 



Atelectasis. — The two deaths in mammals ascribed to this cause 

 both occurred in new-born animals and present no points of 

 interest. The bii'd referred to this rubric was an adult Chilian 

 Sea-Eagle, in which sudden death was produced by the valvular 

 occlusion of the opening of an abdominal air-sac by a foreign 

 body. Yery few respiratory movements apparently suiiiced to 

 distend the air-sac and compress the lung above it so quickly and 

 completely as to cause death. 



Fancreatltis. — This condition, which is an extremely rare cause 

 of sudden death in man, las been the cause of death six times — 

 four times in monkeys, once in a bear, and once in a bird. In 

 these, extravasations of blood of vaiying extent were found 

 throughout the gland. In addition, evidence of old inflamma- 

 tory changes have been found in the pancreas in a Californian 

 Sea-Lion and in a Slender Dog. In the lattei', the condition 

 seems to have been due to stenosis of the pancreatic duct leading 

 to accumulation of inspissated secretion in all its branches, and 

 a very extensive overgrowth of the connective-tissue stroma of 

 the gland. The cause of the disease in monkeys has not been 

 cleared up and requires furthei' study. The marine Carnivora 

 apparently share the enhanced liability to this raie and dangerous 

 disease with the Primates, a seal which died in 1917 showing it 

 in the acute stage. The Sea-Lion mentioned above had ap- 

 parently I'ecovered from an attack. 



New Growths. — Death could be asci'ibed to malignant new 

 growths in three cases : — In a Golden Eagle a large teratoma of 

 the testis, containing bone, islands of keratin ising epithelium, 

 and masses of eosinophile leucocytes, was the seat of a fatal 

 suppuration. A Diamond Dove presented multiple white 

 nodules of lymphosarcoma in the liver. A Racoon died from 

 an enormous carcinoma of the thyroid gland. In none of these 

 were metastases observed in other organs. In addition, new 

 growths were observed in a number of animals dying from other 

 causes. A carcinoma of the liver was found in a Marsh-Buck 

 which died of septic pneumonia. This growth is interesting 

 because it is identical in structure with a type of cancer common 



