208 MISS K. F, LANDER ON THE 



preponderance of the ceratobyal over the epihyal in length. 

 The hyoid of Ovibos is not described by Lonnberg. 



The larynx, like that of the Mnsk-ox, is very elongated, owing 

 to the expansion of the thyroid cartilage. Its maximum length 

 is 200 mm. and its maximum transverse vertical diameter 105 mm. 

 The expansion consists of a hollowing out and backward extension 

 of the anterior part of the thyroid cartilage, which measures 

 180 mm. along its convexity, while the posterior border, from 

 superior to inferior cornu, is only 60 mm. long. The amount of 

 extension may be judged from the fact that the distance between 

 the lowest (i. e., most posterior) point of the thyroid to the 

 insertion of the posterior cornu is 105 mm., while from the same 

 point to the anteio-inferior surface on a vertical plane is 70 mm. 



The superior cornu is 25 mm. in length, and runs obliquely 

 upwards and backwards, thus presenting an intermediate 

 condition between the superior cornu of Ovihos, which passes 

 nearly vertically upwards at right angles to the long axis of the 

 larynx, and that of Bos or Cwpra, which runs parallel with that 

 axis. (Text-fig. 1.) 



Text-figure 2. 



Ai-yteuoid Cartilage of Takin. 



It is thus clear that the expansion of the thyroid cartilage 

 met with in the Musk-ox, and approached in the larynx of the 

 Blackbuck and Saiga, is carried very much further in the Takin. 

 In the latter the bulbous extremity of the expansion is carried 

 back far beyond the tip of the posterior cornu. In Ovibos the 

 extremity is on a level with the tip of the cornu and the 

 cartilage on the whole has a squarish appearance ; in Budorcas 

 it is about three times as long as bi'oad. In Capra, Cervus, and 

 Capreolus the length of the dorsal pai-t of the cricoid is greater 

 than the length of the thyroid ; in Oi.nbos the cricoid length is 

 72 per cent, of the thyroid length ; in Connochcetes 80 per cent. ; 

 in Bos they are about equal, but in the Takin the percentage is 

 only 33. 



The inferior cornu of the thyroid in Budorcas is very much 



