458 MR. B. p. UVAROV ON THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTIOISr 



named peninsula, the western pai-t of Anatolia from the Mediter- 

 ranean Sea to the western borders of the interior Anatolian 

 plateau, extending along the southern shore of the Black Sea 

 as far eastwards as the neighbourhood of Trebizond. 



5. The Armenian district (Ac). 



The whole number of species known from this district is kirger 

 than that of any other, being 134 (8 M + 62 A + 54 L + 10 G), 

 which indicates the exceptional richness of its fauna. 



The analysis of this fauna shows its affinity with the fauna of 

 the preceding distinct, since 62 species are in common with tlie 

 latter ; it is of interest that many species are peculiar to both 

 these districts, being unknown beyond their limits. This affinity 

 is certainly due to the fact that they both belong to the same 

 (Balkano- Anatolian) province. Far more interesting is the 

 difference between them : out of 134 Armenian Orthoptera no 

 fewer than 74 do not penetrate into Western Anatolia. This 

 group is composed of very different elements. First of all Ave can 

 distinguish in it an admixture of the more northern (steppe and 

 boreal) forms, which are 12 in numbei-, as follows: 



Pai-iipleurus alliaceus. Stenobothrus pulviiiatus. 

 Stenobotlirus fischevi. ,, scalaiis. 



„ nigi-omaciilatus. Gomphocerus sibiricus caucasicus. 



,, apricai'ius. Arcypteva fusca. 



„ macrocerus. Locusta caudata kolenatii. 



„ hiEmorrboidalis. Olyuthoscelis grisea. 



The absence of these forms from Western Anatolia may indicate 

 that they did not come to Armenia thi'ough the Balkanian 

 peninsula but across the Caucasian isthmus. Some of them, for 

 example Arcyjytera and Gomphocerus, ai'e absent from Western 

 Anatolia simply because in this latter district there are no places 

 (high mountains) suitable for their habitation. The same cause 

 explains to us why the following four alpine species : Orphania 

 sciotata zacharovi, Psorodonotus brunneri, Ps. fleberi, and Ps. 

 specidaris, do not penetrate into Western Anatolia. 



A very characteristic group of the Armenian Orthoptera is 

 formed by the 13 species belonging to the true Eremian fauna. 

 Their list is as follows : 



Eremiaphila geiiei. Spbingonotus balteatus. 



Acrida robusta. Spbodvomevus ccslosyi-iensis. 



Stenobothrus simplex. Plati'cleis escalerai. 



Stauronotus aiiatolicus. Medecticus assimilis. 



Pallasiella truchmaiia. Gryllus tartarus obscurus. 

 Pyrgodera armata. „ hebraus. 



CEdaleus mlokosiewitclii. 



Since all these species are good flyers it is evident that they 

 came into Armenia in recent times from the neighbouring 

 deserts of Persia and Mesopotamia; this view is supported by 



