OF OUTIIOPTERA IX THE CAUCASUS AND WESTERN ASIA. 459 



the fact that most of them are restricted to the eastern parts of 

 the Armenian district. 



But the majority in the group of Armenian Orthoptera which 

 do not reach Western Anatolia belong to species peculiar to 

 Armenia (or to both Armenia and Syrian Anatolia). They are 

 23 in number, as follows : 



Stauronotus hauensteini kurda. Isopliya vodsjankoi. 



*Cuculligeia maculinervis. * „ poltovatskyi. 



*Pampliagus j-ersiiii. Saga cappadocica. 



* „ bvuiiiieiianus. *Di-ymadusa ouivicercii!. 



*Eunothi'otes derjugiui. * „ recticauda. 



Pcecilimonella arineniaca. ' * „ kouowi. 



I'oecilimon tschoroclieiisis. *01yntlioscelis animlipes. 



„ kutaliiensis. * „ signata. 



;, syi-iacus. * „ zebra. 



„ coiiciuiius. „ kurda. 



*Kurdia nesterovi. *Troglophilus escalorai. 

 *Phonochorion satunini. 



Iso fewer than one half of them should be regarded as the relics 

 of the "ancient Mediterranean" fauna (these are marked with an 

 asterisk), to which also belong the following 13 species whose 

 area of distribution extends also beyond Armenian limits, as they 

 ai'e to be found in the neighbouring districts of Aderbeidzhan, 

 Caspian Transcaucasia, and ISomkheto-Kakhetia : 



(Edipoda scliochi schochi. Tmetliis esclierichi. 

 Thalpomeiia ledereri. „ holtzi. 



Heliopteryx liumeralis. Nocarodes serricollis. 



Tmothis saussurei. Pezotettix rngulosa. 



„ cariiiatus. Platycleis sqimniiptera. 



„ cisti. Paradrymadusa sordida. 



„ bilobus. 



"We find, thus, in Armenia 27 relics of the " ancient Mediter- 

 ranean " fauna, which find here their western limit of distribution 

 and do not reach Western Anatolia. 



The remaining 7 species of Armenian Orthoptera which do not 

 range farther westwards [Umpusa pennico7'nis, Acrida nasuta^ 

 Isophi/a triangularis, I. acuminata, Olynihoscelis incUstincta, 

 Doiichopoda euxina, and Gvyllus frontalis) are partly of indeter- 

 minate zoogeographical value, or their absence from Western 

 Anatolia may be explained as a result of insufficient investi- 

 gations. 



Summarizing the results of our analysis of the Armenian fauna 

 we niay conclude that it is a Balkano-Anatolian fauna in its chief 

 characters but well distinguished from it by (1) the well expressed 

 influence of the Eremian fauna, (2) the great number of endemics 

 and relics of the " ancient Mediterranean " fauna, and (3) some ad- 

 mixture of boreal and steppe forms. 



I think the frontiers of the Armenian district should be di-awn 

 in the following manner. 



