OF THE KOALA AND VULPIKE PHALANGER. 563 



Trichosurus vid-pecula. 



The stomach diftei's from that of Phascolarctos in the following 

 respects ; — 



1. It is more globular. 



2. There is no sacculus on the greater curvature, but the 

 stomach projects to the right of the pylorus. 



3. Tlie gland-patch is not present on the lesser curvature. 



4. The pylorus is not such a well-defined cylinder, and does 

 not project into the duodenum as in Man and Phascolarctos. 



5. The vs^alls of the stomach are relatively thinner. 



6. The mucous membrane is rough, but has no rugae. 



In a hitherto unpublished note Garrod states that the fundus 

 of Cuscus 'maculatus has a reticulum of rugje. 



The Intestines. 



Phascolarctos cinereus. 



The external and internal characters have been fully described 

 by Forbes and Chalmers Mitchell (9), and I have nothing to add 

 to their accounts. My measurements difFei- greatly, however, 

 from those recorded by various authors. The figures in the 

 following table represent inches, an<l the asterisks denote that 

 fresh specimens were examined. Ldnnberg's specimen was a 

 mammary foetus*. If due allowance is made for shrinking 

 induced by pieserving fluids, it will be seen that the lengths of 

 the difi"erent pai'ts of the intestinal tube vary greatly in indi- 

 viduals, and have no relation to the length of the animal : — 



Len(jth of Small Larr/e 



animal. intestines. intestines. 



Ccecum. 



*Knox(1826) 23 92 128 77 



Martin (1836) $. not given not given 76 50 



Owen (1837) 23 92 125 77 



^Forbes (1881) ? . 17 115 93-25 46-75 



Forbes (1881) $. 20-5 111-5 160-8 66 



Ldnnberg (1902). 3-5 14-55 11-45 3-4 



*Sonntag(1921)... 21 54-5 75 36 



Lonnberg (17) compared the measurements of the different 

 parts of the intestinal tract of Phascolarctos and several other 

 Marsupials, and he also compared those of the foetal and adult 

 intestines, taking Forbes's figures as the standard for the latter. 

 He came to the following conclusions : — ". . . . the difference 

 is quite striking with regard to the caecum and the large intestine. 

 The former is proportionately only about a thii-d as long in the 

 foetus as in the full-grown animal, and the latter less than half 



* The mammary foetus is the iiew-hovn animal fixed to the nipples in the pouch. 



