OF THE TOxNGUES OF TUE MAMMALIA. 745 



the lateral vallate papilla? as in the Simiichie. Tlie relative 

 position of these papilla? to the organs varies in different species, 

 lying level with tlie central or posterior laminae. In Microcehus 

 the lateral organs are absent, and this condition, together with 

 the number and arrangement of the vallate papillae and state 

 of the conical papillae, links the tongue to those of the Lorisidae 

 and Ga.lagidae, and distinguishes it from those of Lemur. The 

 numbers of laminae and sulci frequently differ in the two organs 

 of the same tongue, and the secondary sulci may be well marked 

 or indistinct. 



Text-figure 68. 



hwm^ 



A. Conical papillaj oi Lemur; B-E. lateral organs of i. catta (B), L. fidvus (C), 

 L. macaco (D), L. viongoz (E) ; F. cross sections of tlie tongue of Chiromys 

 in the anterior (a) and middle (b) tliirds : (s. sublingua, 1.1. lytta of tongue, 

 l.s. lytta of sublingua). 



The ventral papillary zone is narrow and has many conical but 

 few fungiform papillae, and the ventral mesial sulcus may contain 

 a mesial crest ; it is absent altogether in some examples of each 

 species, but present in others. 



Tlie sublingua (text-fig. 69) is triangular or lyrate, and the 

 apex is divided into a small group of slender denticles. The 

 edges are serrated in L. ccitta, L. macaco, a,nd L. varius, and entire 

 in L.fulviis and L. falvas rufifrons. The median cre.^t is well 

 developed, but the lateral ventral crests vary in size. Between 

 the base of the sublingua and the frenal lamellae is a deep sulcus 

 wliich is sometimes V-shaped. 



The frenum consists of two lax portions separated by the sub- 

 lingua. The first extends from the floor of the mouth to the 

 under surface of the sublingua, and the second runs from the 

 upper surface of the sublingua to the mesial ventral sulcus of 



50* 



