754 DR. C. F. SOXNTAG ON THE COJIPARATIVE ANATOMY 



described by Pocock, Forsyth Major, and others, we obtain the 

 following comparison : — 



Lemur. Lorisidce and Gcdagidce. 



1. Vallate papilliB form a Y. 1. Vallate papillpe form a, tri- 



angle. 



2. Lateral organs convex. 2. Lateral oi'gans absent. 



3. Conical papillae small on the 3. Conical pajjillte increase 



oral part of the tongue gradually from the apex 



and large on the base. of the tongue to the epi- 



glottis. 



4. Sublingua triangular or 4. Sublingua tongue -shaped, 



lyrate, with apical den- with- denticles along its 



tides. anterior border. 



5. Urethra opens above tip of 5. Clitoris traversed by urethra, 



clitoris. 



6. Ectotympanic annular or 6. Ectotymj)anic external to 



horseshoe-shaped and in- bulla, of which it forms 



side bulla. the outer wall. 



I have not had the opportunity of examining the tongues of 

 the Indrisidee, but published accounts and illustrations ally them, 

 to those of Lemur. 



4. The tongue of Chiromys has its own characteristic sub- 

 lingua, which has a lai^ger area free from the tongue than 

 existing accounts lead one to expect. It has no lateral organs, 

 but its basal conical papillae are large. It has two or three 

 vallate papillaj. Its characters resemble those of I^einur on the 

 one hand and those of the Lorisidse and Galagidse on the other. 



5. The tongue of Tarsius spectrutn has the most adherent 

 sublingua. It stands by itself in the consistence and size of the 

 sublingua and the characters of its vallate papilla?. 



6. The frenal lamellae are frequently very complex, and 

 supplementary lameilee are present in Nycticehus tardigradus. 



7. The foramen caecum and Apical Gland of Nuhn are absent. 



8. The lytta is present in several forms, and is frequently 

 accompanied hj a central axis, or lytta, of the sublingua. In 

 the other Primates this is absent. 



Bihliogrcqyhy . 



1. Beddard, F. E. — •" On some Points in the Structure of 



Ilcvpalemur griseusJ' P. Z. tS. 1884, p. 391. 



2. BuRMEiSTER, H. — " Beitriige zur naheren Kenntnis der 



Gattung Tarsius." Berlin, 1846. 



3. Campen, F. a. W. van. — Verhand. der Konig. Akad. van 



Wetenschappen, Amsterdam, 1859. 



4. Flower, W. H. — " Lectures on the Anatomy of the Organs 



of Digestion of the Mammalia." Med. Times and Gazette, 

 1872. 



