August 17, 1900.] 



SCIENCE. 



243 



became more numerous and restricted, the 

 administrative machinery became more 

 complex, and the opportunities afforded the 

 geologists in charge to study broad problems 

 became more and more limited. Finally, 

 it was found that the administrative rela- 

 tions were not only difiBcult but expensive, 

 since they involved the maintenance of in- 

 dependent offices and clerks, and in the in- 

 terests of economy and efficiency the system 

 of geographic divisions was abolished in 

 1893. In its place was substituted an or- 

 ganization by parties, of which there were 

 at first twenty and subsequently nearly 

 double that number, each acting independ- 

 ently of the other except in so far as they 

 were all brought into co-operation through 

 the Director and the Assistant in Geology. 

 Broad co-ordination of scientific work was 

 for the time being subordinated to the accu- 

 mulation of facts, especially in the form of 

 geologic maps, rather than to the consider- 

 ation of philosophic problems. After six 

 years of this activity in the working out of 

 special problems, the time has come for 

 broader supervision and co-ordination of 

 work, and to this end the following ap- 

 pointments have been made : Geo. F. 

 Becker, Geologist in charge of Physical 

 and Chemical Eesearch ; T. C. Chamberlin, 

 Geologist in charge of all Pleistocene Geol- 

 ogy; S. F. Emmons, Geologist in charge 

 of Investigation of Metaliferous Ores ; C. 

 Willard Hayes, Geologist in charge of In- 

 vestigation of Non-Metaliferous Economic 

 Deposits ; T. "W. Stanton, Paleontologist in 

 charge of Paleontology ; C. E. Van Hise, 

 Geologist in Charge of Pre-Cambrian and 

 Metamorphic Geology ; Bailey Willis (As- 

 sistant in Geology to the Director) , Geol- 

 ogist in charge of Areal Geology. 



The field of supervision of each geologist 

 in charge is coextensive with the work of 

 the Geological Survey and relates to all 

 parties engaged in work connected with 

 his special subject. His assistance in field 



or office work may appropriately be offered 

 or invited. His opinion is to be considered 

 authoritative in subjects under his super- 

 vision, and his approval to any report may 

 be required. This authority, however, is 

 restricted to the scientific aspects of the 

 work. Administrative direction remains 

 as heretofore wholly in the hands of the 

 director, and the work of the survey will 

 proceed after the manner which has been 

 found successful — of authorization of plans 

 of operations after full consideration and 

 conference upon estimates submitted by 

 geologists in charge of parties. 



Under the organization now adopted, 

 each geologist is at liberty to make full use 

 of the facts which he observes within his 

 field of operations, the degree of super- 

 vision exerted by the geologist in charge of 

 any particular subject to be duly credited 

 in an appropriate manner. For the geolo- 

 gists in charge the plan affords an oppor- 

 tunity to study a special subject in all its 

 aspects throughout the field of operations 

 of the survey, either directly by personal 

 observation or by conference with asso- 

 ciates. This opportunity is unequaled in 

 both multiplicity and magnitude of the 

 phenomena presented to each specialist. 



In Science, Volume X. , No. 242, August 

 18, 1899, was given a somewhat detailed 

 account of the geologic work of the survey. 

 The following notes refer to extension of 

 the work there described : 



In the Atlantic Coastal Plain work in 

 the Mesozoic and later formations has been 

 carried out in the Cape Cod district (Sha- 

 ler), and in Maryland and Virginia (W. B. 

 Clark). 



The investigations of Bascom, Dale, Em- 

 erson, Hobbs, Keith, Kemp, Mathews, Wil- 

 liams, and Wolff in the pre-Cambrian and 

 metamorphic rocks of the Appalachian 

 Eange have been continued at various 

 points from New England to Georgia. 



In the belt of folded Paleozoic strata of 



