322 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XII. No. 296. 



The table shows that the degree was con- 

 ferred nine times more often than last year, 

 but once less often than in 1898. For the 

 three consecutive years beginning with 

 1898, the degree has been conferred in the 

 sciences 105, 115 and 113 times ; in the 

 humanities 129, 109 and 120 times. Stu- 

 dents are consequently pretty equally di- 

 vided between the two divisions as here 

 drawn. The separation is, of course, some- 

 what arbitrary. Psychology, sociology and 

 education have been placed with the sci- 

 ences, while philosophy and political econ- 

 omy are included under the humanities. 

 Yet a student of philosophy may have in- 

 terests falling strictly under the sciences — 

 in the sense of the natural and exact sci- 

 ences in which this word must for conve- 

 nience be used — while a student of educa- 

 tion may have but few such interests. 



The degrees were in all cases the Ph.D. , 

 with the exception of one D.Sc. from Har- 

 vard. The University of Chicago conferred 

 the degree of Ph.D. on nine students in the 

 divinity school. These have not been in- 

 cluded above as it is not certain that the 

 work has been equivalent to that of the 

 other candidates. The same holds, how- 

 ever, for some of the degrees in education 

 and in chemistry in which cases perhaps a 

 technical or professional degree should be 

 given. 



The University of Pennsylvania has dur- 

 ing the year decided to require the printing 

 of the doctors theses, and steps in this di- 

 rection have been taken at Harvard. The 

 degree seems not to have been given causa 

 honoris by any important institution. 



It appears from the tables and from the 

 data on which they are based that the hu- 

 manities are favored at Harvard and Yale 

 and the sciences at Johns Hopkins, Colum- 

 bia and Cornell. Last year Johns Hopkins 

 gave more than its proportionate share of 

 degrees in chemistry, physics, zoology and 

 physiology, Chicago in mathematics, geol- 



ogy, sociology and education, Harvard in 

 physics, zoology and anthropology, Colum- 

 bia in astronomy, botany, zoology and edu- 

 cation, Yale in paleontology and psychol- 

 ogy, Cornell in botany and psychology and 

 Clark in mathematics, psychology and edu- 

 cation. 



The distribution of students among the 

 different sciences for 1900 and for the two 

 preceding years is as follows : 



Chemistry . . 



Physics 



Botany 



Mathematics 



Zoology 



Psychology . . 

 Education . . 

 Geology .... 

 A stronomy . . 

 Physiology . . 

 Sociology .... 

 Anthropology 

 Paleontology 

 Bacteriology 

 Mineralogy . . 

 Meteorology . 



The names of those on whom the doc- 

 torate was conferred for work in the scien- 

 ces and the titles of their theses are as 

 follows : 



Johns Hopkins University. 



Homer Van Valkenhurg Black : The Permanga- 

 nates of Barium, Strontium, and Calcium. 



William Martin Blanchard : The Chlorides of Para- 

 bromorthosulphohenzoic Acid and some of their De- 

 rivatives. 



Hall Canter : Orthophenylsulphonehenzoic Acid 

 and related Compounds. 



Charles Edward Caspari : An Investigation of the 

 Fatty Oil contained in the seeds of Lindera Benzoin. 

 II. Laurie Acid and some of its Derivatives. 



Hardee Chambliss : The Permanganates of Mag- 

 nesium, Zinc, and Cadmium. 



James Edwin Duerden : West-Indian Madrepora- 

 rian Polyps. 



Luther Pfahler Eisenhart : Infinitesimal Deforma- 

 tion of Surfaces. 



Wightman Wells Garner : Action of Aromatic 

 Sulphonchlorides on Urea. 



Lawrence Edmonds GrifBn : The Anatomy of Nau- 

 tilus Pompilius. 



