380 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XII. No. 297. 



numerous and important contributions to zo- 

 ology and the literature of scientific explora- 

 tions. 



We regret to learn of the death of Professor 

 Henry Sidgwick, who was recently compelled 

 by ill health to resign the professorship of 

 moral philosophy at Cambridge University. 

 Professor Sidgwick was born in Yorkshire on 

 May 31, 1838, and was educated at Rugby and 

 Trinity College. He was elected a fellow of 

 Trinity College, but resigned owing to the re- 

 ligious tests then imposed. He was, however, 

 elected an honorary fellow of Trinity in 1881, 

 and in 1883 became Knightbridge professor of 

 moral philosophy. Professor Sidgwick pub- 

 lished numerous and important books on eth- 

 ical and economic subjects which united in a 

 rare degree genius and scientific caution. 



Feiedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, the philos- 

 opher and man of letters, died on August 25th 

 at Weimar, where for eleven years he had been 

 living hopelessly insane at the home of his sister. 

 Nietzsche was formerly professor of oriental 

 languages at Basle, but later gave this up to 

 travel and to write his remarkable books which 

 showed genius of a destructive rather thaa of a 

 constructive character. They are of interest to 

 men of science, because he was greatly influ- 

 enced by modern theories of biological evolu- 

 tion. 



The death is announced of Sir John Bennett 

 Lawes, F.R.S., at the age of 86 years. He was 

 educated at Eton and Oxford, and early began 

 the study of scientific agriculture, being one of 

 the first to use bone dressing and artificial fer- 

 tilizers. He was the author of over one hun- 

 dred papers on the scientific aspects of agricul- 

 ture. 



Sir Malcolm Eraser, a civil engineer, form- 

 erly Surveyor-general and Colonial Secretary of 

 Western Australia, died at Clifton on August 

 17th, aged 66 years. 



The Fourth International Congress of Psy- 

 chology opened at Paris on August 20th with 

 an attendance of about 400 and a long list of 

 papers on its program. The first general ad- 

 dresses were given by M. Ribot, professor in 

 the College de France and Professor Ebbing- 

 haus of Breslau. Among the Americans in 



attendance were Professor Ladd of Yale Uni- 

 versity, Professor Miinsterberg of Harvard Uni- 

 versity, Professor Bryan of the University of 

 Indiana, and Professor Warren of Princeton 

 University. 



The annual meeting of the English Arbori- 

 cultural Society, says Nature, was held at 

 Manchester recently. Professor Somerville 

 was appointed president for the ensuing year. 

 Reports were read from the judges upon essays 

 on ' Foreign versus Native Timber, ' ' Agricul- 

 tural and Woodland Drainage,' and ' Thinning.' 

 The silver medal for the first essay was awarded 

 to Mr. George Cadell, late of the Indian Forest 

 Department, and bronze medals for the other 

 essays were given to Mr. D. A. Glen, of Kirby, 

 near Liverpool, and Mr. A. Dean, of Egham. 



The Governing Body of the Jenner Institute 

 announce their intention of awarding three 

 studentships of £150 each, tenablfe by British 

 subjects for one year from January 1st next, 

 and renewable for a second year at the option 

 of the Governing Body, for the purposes of re- 

 search at the Institute. Applications from can- 

 didates must be sent in by November 1st. 



The Berlin Academy of Sciences offers its 

 prize on the Steiner foundation for the solution 

 of some important problem connected with the 

 theory of curved surfaces, preferably related 

 to the work of Steiner. The prize is of the 

 value of 4000 Marks with a second prize of 2000 

 Marks. The paper must be handed in by the 

 end of the year 1904, and may be written in 

 English. 



Major Gibbons has reached Omdurman after 

 a trip through Africa extending to about 13,000 

 miles. Among the objects attained were the 

 mapping of Marotseland, 200,000 miles in area ; 

 the accomplishment of the first steam naviga- 

 tion of the Middle Zambesi, and the tracing of 

 the whole course of the river, the discovery of 

 its source and the determination of its water- 

 shed. Thence the route of the expedition was 

 eastward and by way of the Great Lakes to the 

 Nile. It is understood that Major Gibbons has 

 brought with him valuable collections. 



During the summer the Ohio State Archseo- 

 logical and Historical Society, under the direc- 

 tion of the curator, Wm. C. Mills, carried on 



