516 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XII. No. 301. 



the year 814 ; it is Chortonicum, and occurs 

 among a number of geographical namesi 

 several of which refer to Gaul, so that Chor- 

 tonicum may very well have meant the 

 country of the Pictones. At all events, the 

 great German philologist. Pott, at once saw 

 that it was to b^i explained by reference to 

 the word Cruithne, ' a Pict, ' with which it 

 decidedly goes as distinguished from its 

 Brythonic equivalent Pryclyn (or the older 

 Priten) with an initial p. The Celtican form 

 originally meant was some such vocable as 

 Qurtonico-n, with the qu which was usual 

 in Celtican and early Goidelic, where it 

 formed, in fact, one of the most conspicu- 

 ous distinctions between those languages 

 and Brythonic or Gaulish, in which qu had 

 been changed into p. 



My remarks have again run into tiresome 

 details, but it is only by attending to such 

 small points that one can hope to force 

 language to yield us any information in the 

 matter of ethnology. It may perhaps help 

 in some measure if I sum up what I have 

 been trying to say, thus : 



The first race we have found in posses- 

 sion of the British Isles consisted of a small, 

 swarthy population of mound-dwellers, of 

 an unwarlike disposition, much given to 

 magic and wizardry, and perhaps of Lappish 

 affinities ; its attributes have been exagger- 

 ated or otherwise distorted in the evolution 

 of the Little People of our fairy tales. 



The next race consisted of a taller, blonder 

 people, with blue eyes, who tattooed them- 

 selves and fought battles. These tattooed 

 or Pictish people made the Mound Folk 

 their slaves, and in the long-run their lan- 

 guage may be supposed to have been modi- 

 fied by habits of speech introduced by those 

 slaves of theirs from their own idiom. The 

 aflBnities of these Picts may be called Libyan 

 and possibly Iberian. 



Next came the Celts in two great waves 

 of immigration, the first of which may have 

 arrived as early as the seventh century 



before our era, and consisted of the real 

 ancestors of some of our Goidels of the 

 Milesian stock, and the linguistic ancestors 

 of all the peoples who have spoken Goidelic. 

 That language may be defined as Celtican, 

 so modified by the idioms of the population 

 which the earlier Celts found in possession, 

 that its syntax is no longer Aryan. 



Then, about the third century e.g., came 

 from Belgica the linguistic ancestors of the 

 peoples who have spoken Brythonic ; but in 

 the majority of cases connected with modern 

 Brythonic they are to be regarded as Goi- 

 dels who adopted Brythonic speech, and in 

 so doing brought into that language their 

 Goidelic idioms, with the result that the 

 syntax of insular Brythonic is no less non- 

 Aryan than that of Goidelic, as may be 

 readily seen bj' comparing the thoroughly 

 Aryan structure of the few sentences of old 

 Gaulish extant. 



Those are the races which have been in- 

 ferred in the course of these remarks, in 

 which I have proceeded on the principle 

 that each successive band of conquerors has 

 its race, language, and institutions eventu- 

 ally more or less modified by contact with 

 the race, language, and institutions of those 

 whom it has conquered. That looks simple 

 enough when stated so, but the result which 

 we get proves complicate. In any case, I 

 have endeavored in this address to substi- 

 tute for the rabble of divinities and demons, 

 of fairies and phantoms that disport them- 

 selves at large in Celtic legend, a possible 

 series of peoples, to each of which should 

 be ascribed its own proper attributes. But 

 that will only be possible if we can enlist 

 the kindly aid of the muse of archeology. 

 John Ehts. 



CA3IPS0B SECRETED BY AN ANIMAL (POLY- 



Z0NIU3I). 



In the vicinity of Syracuse, New York, 



nine or ten years ago a distinct odor of 



camphor was noticed in connection with a 



