Dkcembbe 14, 1900.] 



SCIENCE. 



923 



the future they will play an important part. 

 George Stuart Pullerton discusses ' Freedom 

 and Free Will ' and William Barclay Parsons 

 treats of ' Chinese Commerce ' the gist of which 

 is a plea for what every sensible man knows 

 should exist, a permanent consular service. 

 There are interesting articles under the head of 

 'Discussion and Correspondence,' 'Scientific 

 Literature ' and ' The Progress of Science. ' 



Bird Lore for December comes in an enlarged 

 form and has for its frontispiece a fine photo- 

 graph from life of a rough-legged Hawk. E. 

 E. Warren describes, with a number of illu- 

 strations, ' Photographing Ptarmigans ' and this 

 is followed by an article on ' How Ptarmigans 

 Moult,' by Jonathan D wight, Jr., the best au- 

 thority on that vexed subject. Bradford Torrey 

 writes of 'Winter Pensioners.' The depart- 

 ment ' For Teachers and Students' is devoted, 

 under the caption ' Birds and Seasons ' to the 

 first series of papers giving an outline course of 

 bird-study for the year, the present dealing with 

 the months of December and January and with 

 various part of the country from Boston to San 

 Francisco, each article being by a well known 

 authority on the subject. The other and shorter 

 articles under the different departments are too 

 numerous for individual notice, but the Audu- 

 bon Department is of particular interest. 



SOCIETIES AND ACADEMIES. 



NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 

 SECTION OF GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY. 



At the meeting of the Section on October 15th, 

 Dr. A. A. Julien in the chair, about thirty per- 

 sons were present. 



The Secretary of the Academy nominated for 

 membership Riccardo Pattelli and Charles Lane 

 Poor, and the names were referred to the Coun- 

 cil. 



The following notes on the results of the 

 summer's work by members were presented: 



Gilbert Van Ingen. — Paleozoic Faunas of 

 Northwestern New Jersey. 



Mr. van Ingen described the work of the 

 party belonging to the Geological Survey of 

 New Jersey, which, during the past two sum- 

 mers, has been engaged in tracing the outcrops 

 of the paleozoic formations, and collecting fos- 



sils. Of this party, Mr. Kummel, the assistant 

 State geologist, traces the boundaries and works 

 out the tectonics, while Dr. Weller, of the 

 University of Chicago, collects fossils at locali- 

 ties indicated by Mr. Kummel. During July, 

 Mr. van Ingen spent a week with this party in 

 the field at Newton. Newton is situated on the 

 shales of the Trenton group, there extensively 

 quarried for slates. To the east is a low ridge 

 of limestone which presents the same appearance 

 as the Barnegat limestone along the Hudson 

 river. The Upper part of this limestone has 

 yielded trilobites, probably Dikellocephalus, in- 

 dicating that this portion is of upper Cambrian 

 age. At other localities a trilobite described by 

 Weller as Liostracus jeraeyensis, shows that the 

 rock there is also Cambrian — probably of the 

 middle or upper division. In the vicinity of 

 Franklin Furnace good specimens of Olenellus cf. 

 thompsoni were found at localities described by 

 Foerste. Further to the east of Newton, on 

 the other side of the Cambrian ridge, is a wide 

 belt of Ordovician rocks — Trenton limestone 

 overlaid by a thick series of shales. The lime- 

 stone contains the typical Trenton fauna, — Rafi- 

 nesquina Plectmnbonites, Pterygomelopus, etc., — 

 and is very much like that found at Rosetown, 

 Ulster Co., and Rochdale, Dutchess Co., N. Y. 

 The shale has few fossiliferous beds, but occa- 

 sionally one of the more sandy layers contains 

 Dalmanella iestudinaria, Plectambonites and Bafl- 

 nesquina — the same combination found in the 

 Hudson shales at Poughkeepsie and atRoun- 

 dout. At one locality was found a fauna with 

 Ampyx and Harpes. In eastern New York 

 these genera of trilobites are found only in the 

 Chazy limestone, and the discovery is of great in- 

 terest in that it indicates the presence of this for- 

 mation at a distance of almost 250 miles south of 

 what has hitherto been recognized as its southern 

 limit. Further to the northwest, along the 

 Delaware river, were found the Silurian and 

 lower Devonian formations. The finest section 

 is seen in the face of the cliff of the old Near- 

 pass quarry, about three miles south of Tri- 

 States, where all the formations from the upper 

 Ordovician to the Esopus shale of the lower 

 Devonian appear, with numerous fossils. At 

 Otisville the Shawangunk grit is finely exposed 

 in a large quarry. All the evidence at hand 



