996 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XII. No. 313. 



of Gastrioceras listen in the middle coal 

 measures, etc. 



The principles governing the migration 

 of marine invertebrates were discussed, and 

 the reality of ' colonies ' affirmed. Homo- 

 taxis, as defined by Huxley, was discussed, 

 and it was shown that even now similar 

 faunas are living synchronously in widely 

 separated regions, and that the same could 

 have happened, and probably did, in past 

 time. Therefore, correlation is often real, 

 and not merely horaotaxial. The strata 

 coming between the interregional zones are. 

 In a sense, only homotaxial, but the zonal 

 faunas themselves often represent synchro- 

 nous appearances of immigrants in two or 

 more regions from a third unknown point 

 of origin. The substantial agreement of 

 the stratigraphie column in all the conti- 

 nents is the best possible proof of the real- 

 ity of correlation, for the discrepancies that 

 occur in the periods of endemic develop- 

 ment are all corrected in the periods of re- 

 adjustment, and nature's periodic trial bal- 

 ances bring into harmony the record in the 

 interregional time scale. 



The following additional papers were pre- 

 sented before the Section, all except the first 

 two being under the auspices of the Geo- 

 logical Society : 



The Ice Age in Neiv Zealand : C. H. Hitch- 

 cock. (With lantern slides.) 



On a New or hitherto Unrecognized Horizon in 



■ the Lower Portion of the Devonian System in 

 Eastern Canada: Henry M. Ami. 



Native Copper from Garfield County, Okla- 

 homa: Erasmus Hawoeth. 



Petrographic Studies on the Aiidesitic Pocks 

 of Silverton, Colorado, with Analyses by W. 

 G. Haldane and E. W. Gebhardt : Frank 

 E.. Van Horn. 



The Hudson River Beds of the Vicinity of Al- 

 bany, and their Taxonomic Equivalents : Ru- 

 dolf RuEDEMANN. (Introduced by J. 

 M. Clarke.) 



Giants' Kettles Eroded by Moulin Torrents: 



Warren Upham. 

 Pleistocene Ice and River Erosion in the St. 

 Croix Valley of Minnesota and Wisconsin : 

 Warren Upham. 

 Evidences of Interglacial Deposits in the Con- 

 necticut Valley : Charles H. Hitchcock. 

 Volcanic Phenomena on Haivaii : Charles H. 



Hitchcock. 

 A Theory of the Origin of Systems of nearly 

 Vertical Faults, with Application to the New- 

 ark Basin of the Pomperaug River: W. H. 

 Hobbs. 



excursions. 

 The following excursions were arranged 

 for and participated in by the members of 

 Section E and of the Geological Society : 



Tuesday afternoon. — Under the leader- 

 ship of Professor Kemp, the crystalline 

 rocks in that portion of New York City 

 east and north of the Columbia University 

 buildings were visited and carefully exam- 

 ined. The interbedded arrangement of the 

 limestones and gneisses indicated clearly 

 the sedimentary origin of these materials. 

 Wednesday afternoon. — Under the lead- 

 ership of Professor Kemp, the grounds in 

 the Botanical and Zoological Gardens were, 

 visited, and careful attention on the part, 

 of the members was given both to the char- 

 acter of the crystalline rocks and to the 

 later surface phenomena, including pot- 

 holes, the glacial deposits and the new and 

 old Bronx River channels. 



Thursday afternoon. — Under the leader- 

 ship of Dr. A. A. Julien, a visit was made 

 to the Palisades along the west bank of 

 the Hudson for the purpose of studying 

 the geologic and topographic relations there, 

 and for the further purpose of seeing the 

 extent to which the Palisades were being 

 injured by the extensive quarrying now in 

 operation for the purpose of securing road 

 metal. J. A. Holmes, 



Secretary of the Section. 



