1006 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XII. No. 313. 



the subject, ' The Revival of Organic Chemistry.' 

 Science, October 12th. 



A regular meeting was held November 8, 

 1900. The first paper of the evening was read 

 by Mr. L. M; Tolman, and was entitled, ' The 

 Examination of Jellies, Jams and Marmalades,' 

 by L. M. Tolman, L. S. Munson and W. D. 

 Bigelow. The paper gave the results of the 

 examination of jellies and jams manufactured 

 in the laboratory from 13 varieties of fruits. 

 The solids, ash, acid, nitrogen, reducing sugar 

 and cane sugar, were determined, and the 

 amount of cane sugar inverted and calculated. 

 The juices and pulps from which the samples 

 were made were also examined. The relation 

 between the acid content and the amount of 

 cane sugar inverted was especially noted. 



The second paper was read by Dr. Bigelow 

 and was entitled, ' The Nitrogenous Compounds 

 of Meat Extracts,' by W. D. Bigelow and R. 

 Harcourt. The authors examined about fifty 

 commercial extracts making use of the follow- 

 ing methods : Precipitation by bromin as di- 

 rected by Allen ; precipitation by zinc sulphate ; 

 precipitation by ammonium sulphate ; precipita- 

 tion by bromin in filtrate from the zinc sulphate 

 precipitate ; precipitation by tannin and phos- 

 photungstic acid (filtered separately), the latter 

 precipitate being filtered at about 90° C, as 

 directed by Mallet. The bromin precipitate 

 from the original solution was found to hold 

 only a small and variable portion of the proteids 

 present. The zinc sulphate precipitate plus 

 the bromin precipitate in the filtrate from the 

 same gave results which were fairly satisfactory. 

 The best results were obtained by use of the 

 Mallet's method. Mixtures of digested egg 

 albumin and purified meat bases were also sub- 

 jected to the above methods. 



William H. Krug, 



Secretary. 



NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 

 SECTION OF GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY. 



The section met on November 19th, Dr. A. A. 

 Julien presiding. The following communica- 

 tions were presented : 



' Recent Progress in Investigation of the Geol- 

 ogy of the Adirondack Region,' by J. F. Kemp. 

 Three. classes of rocks are present in the area 



discussed : (1) those certainly igneous in their 

 nature, including labradorite rocks, basic gab- 

 bros and trap dikes ; (2) those certainly sedi- 

 mentary, best illustrated by the crystalline lime- 

 stones ; (3) extensive areas of gneiss of uncertain 

 origin. The distribution of the first class and 

 the results obtained have been quite accurately 

 ascertained by H. P. Cashing, C. H. Smyth and 

 the speaker. The augite-syenite first discov- 

 ered by Cushing near Loon Lake has since been 

 found to be widely distributed in regions farther 

 south. The ages of the trap dikes and their 

 distribution were discussed. 



Recent additions to the knowledge of the 

 sedimentary rocks involve the recognition of 

 quite large amounts of quartzites in a consider- 

 able number of new localities. Besides these, 

 small beds of limestone have been discovered in 

 the southern areas, especially in Warren and 

 Washington counties, which are thoroughly in- 

 terstratifled with the gneisses and which leave 

 no escape from concluding that the gneisses are 

 also sedimentary in their origin and that a regu- 

 larly stratified series of rocks is present. This 

 conclusion removes many of the gneisses from 

 the group of uncertainties. 



The speaker enumerated the discovery of new 

 outliers of Cambrian and Ordovician strata in 

 the midst of the crystallines. He also noted 

 the distribution of the glacial striations through- 

 out the eastern mountains and their nearly 

 uniform northeasterly bearing. The physiog- 

 raphy is chiefly due to a series of faulted blocks 

 which afford a very characteristic saw-toothed 

 sky line. 



' Notes on the Origin of the Pegmatites from 

 Manhattan Island by A. A. Julien. 



Dr. Julien, after discussing the prevailing 

 theories of the origin of pegmatites, and show- 

 ing that they did not adequately explain peg 

 matitic developments in loco in the districts 

 mentioned, advanced the following conclusions : 



1. The existence of at least two series of 

 pegmatite developments, marked by a succes- 

 sion of intersections. Of these the oldest series 

 is the most extensive, intercalated among the 

 foliation-seams, and coincident with the strike. 

 The later series cuts the schists in all directions 

 and inclinations. 



2. Every pegmatite occurrence on Manhat- 



