308 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XV. No. 373. 



On the other hand, it is quite clear that the 

 binucleated condition in the hyphae of both 

 groups still further strengthens the evidence 

 for the relationship between the rusts and 

 Basidioniycetes." 



Judson F. Clark, of Cornell University, dis- 

 cusses the 'Toxic properties of some copper 

 compounds, with special reference to Bordeaux 

 mixture.' Clark shows that solution of such 

 of the Cu (OH), in Bordeaux mixture as is of 

 fungicidal value, is chiefly accomplished by 

 the solvent action of the fungus spores them- 

 selves, the total amount of copper necessary 

 being probably not more than one part in 

 80,000. The amount of injury done to the 

 host, which also has the power of absorbing 

 the copper hydroxid deposited on its leaves, de- 

 pends on the specific susceptibility of the pro- 

 toplasm, the solvent properties of the cell sap, 

 the permeability of the epidermis, and the 

 weather conditions following spraying. 



G. P. Clinton, of the University of Illinois, 

 announces the discovery of Cladochytrium 

 Alismatis Biisg. on Alisma Plantago, near 

 Cambridge, Massachusetts. This is the first 

 time this fungus has been found in America. 

 He describes also a peculiar temporary sporan- 

 gial stage which it had not been previously 

 known to possess. He was also successful in 

 germinating the resting sporangia, which had 

 not been accomplished before. 



J. C. Arthur, of Purdue University, dis- 

 cusses briefly 'Clues to Relationships among 

 heterceeious Plant Rusts,' and Leslie N. Good- 

 ding describes six new species of plants from 

 the Rocky mountain region. 



Fifteen pages of reviews of current litera- 

 ture and four pages of news complete the num- 

 ber. 



The December number of the Ameri- 

 can Geologist contains a portrait and 

 a short biographical sketch of the late 

 Ralph D. Lacoe of Pittsburg, Pa., by the 

 Rev. H. F. Hayden. Also the scientific 

 work of the late W. H. Barris of Daven- 

 port, Iowa, is described briefly by C. H. 

 Preston and the article accompanied by a por- 

 trait. Neither of these men were professional 

 scientists but their contributions to paleon- 

 tology are valuable and lasting. 'The Loess 



of Iowa City and Vicinity' is discussed by B. 

 Shimek. He describes the fossils found in 

 the loess and compares them with the forms 

 now living in the vicinity and other loess de- 

 posits. E. R. Cummings discusses 'A Section 

 of the Upper Ordivician at Vevay, Indiana,' 

 accompanying the article with two plates of 

 fossils. 'The Cleveland Water Supply Tun- 

 nel,' by S. J. Pierce. From the evidence fur- 

 nished by this tunnel and other work done in 

 the vicinity the author describes a deep V- 

 shaped preglacial valley emptying into Lake 

 Erie, about nine miles long and at its great- 

 est depth 450 feet below the lake level. 



The Journal of Physical Chemistry. No- 

 vember. 'Equilibrium between Carbonates 

 and Bicarbonates in Aquaous Solution,' by 

 Frank J. Cameron and Lyman J. Briggs; 

 ' Solubility of Gypsum in Aqueous Solutions 

 by Sodium Chlorid,' by Frank K. Cameron. 

 These papers are communications from the 

 Bureau of Soils of the United States Depart- 

 ment of Agriculture. 'Mathematical Expres- 

 sion of the Periodic Law,' by S. H. Harris; 

 'The Optical Rotatory Power of Cane Sugar 

 when Dissolved in Pyridin,' by Guy Maurice 

 Wilcox. 



December. 'Oxidation of Ferrous Solu- 

 tions by Free Oxygen,' by J. W. McBain. It 

 is found that the oxidation of ferrous solu- 

 tions by free oxygen is unexpectedly slow and 

 that it increases with the concentration of the 

 ferrous salt. 'Some Applications to Chemis- 

 try of J. J. Thomson's Work on the Structure 

 of the Atom,' by Felix Lengfeld; 'Solubility 

 of Gypsum in Aqueous Solutions of Certain 

 Electrolytes,' by Frank K. Cameron and 

 Atherton Seidell. A further study from the 

 Bureau of Soils. In dilute solutions the solu- 

 bility curves follow the direction indicated by 

 the application of the mass law to the hy- 

 pothesis of electrolytic dissociation. For high 

 concentrations this is not generally the case, 

 but in such solutions ionic complexes seem to 

 be formed. 



SOCIETIES AND ACADEMIES. 



THE NORTHEASTERN SECTION OF THE AMERICAN 

 CHEMICAL SOCIETY. 



The regular monthly meeting of the Section 



