Fbbruaey 28, 19112 ] 



SCIENCE. 



327 



may not bear his name, but whose results 

 are truly products of the inspiration and 

 guidance which he has truly bestowed. 



The complaint was often heard, in the 

 early seventies, that no provision was made 

 in this country for post-graduate work ex- 

 cept in the three professional schools. Ac- 

 cordingly, a system of fellowships, of schol- 

 arships, and of other provisions for ad- 

 vanced study was established here, so well 

 adapted to the wants of the country at that 

 time that its provisions have been \videly 

 copied in other places. It now seems as if 

 there was danger of rivalry in the solicita- 

 tion of students, Avhieh is certainly vm- 

 worthy, and there is danger also that too 

 many men will receive stipendiary encour- 

 agement to prepare themselves for posi- 

 tions they can never attain. In the early 

 days of the French Academy when a seat 

 in that body was a very great prize, a cer- 

 tain young man was told to wait until he 

 was older, and the remark was added that 

 in order to secure good speed from horses, 

 a basket of oats should always be tied to 

 the front of the carriage pole as a constant 

 incitement. It would indeed be a misfor- 

 tune if a system of fellowships should be 

 open to this objection. Nevertheless, who- 

 ever scans our register of Fellows will dis- 

 cover that many of the ablest men in the 

 country, of the younger generation, have 

 here received encouragement and aid. 



"When this university began the oppor- 

 tunities for scientific publication in this 

 country were very meager. The American 

 Journal of Science was the chief repository 

 for short and current papers. The mem- 

 oirs of a few learned societies came out 

 at slow intervals and could not be freely 

 opened to investigators. This university in 

 the face of obvious objection determined to 

 establish certain journals which might be 

 the means of communication between the 

 scholars of this country and those abroad. 

 Three journals were soon commenced : The 



America7i Journal of Mathematics; the 

 American Journal of Philology ; the Ameri- 

 can Chemical Journal. Remember that 

 these were ' American ' journals, in fact as 

 well as in name, open to all the scholars of 

 the country. Other periodicals came after- 

 wards, devoted to History and Politics, to 

 Biology, to Modern Languages, to Experi- 

 mental Medicine and to Anatomy. Moder- 

 ate appropriations were made to foreign 

 journals, of great importance, which lacked 

 support, the English Journal of Physiology 

 and the German Journal of Assyriology. 

 Nor were the appropriations of the Trus- 

 tees restricted to periodical literature. 

 Generous encouragement was given to the 

 publication of important treatises, like the 

 researches of Dr. Brooks upon Salpa; to 

 the physiological papers of Dr. Martin; 

 to the studies in logic of Mr. Peirce and his 

 followers; to Professor Rowland's magnifi- 

 cent photographs of the solar spectrum ; to 

 the printing of a facsimile of the earliest 

 Christian document after the times of the 

 Apostles; and recently, with the coopera- 

 tion of the University of Tiibingen, to the 

 exact reproduction by Dr. Bloomfield of a 

 unique manuscript which has an important 

 bearing upon comparative philology. 



I am not without apprehensions that our 

 example to the country has been infelici- 

 tous, not less than thirty institutions being 

 known to me, which are now engaged in the 

 work of publication. The consequence is 

 that it is almost impossible for scholars to 

 find out and make use of many important 

 memoirs, which are thus hidden away. 

 One of the problems for the next genera- 

 tion to solve is the proper mode of encour- 

 aging the publication of scientific treatises. 



I cannot enumerate the works of scholar- 

 ship which have been published without 

 the aid of the university by those connected 

 with it, — studies in Greek syntax, in mathe- 

 matics, in history, in chemistry, in medi- 

 cine and surgery, in economics, in pathol- 



