Apeil 11, 19(12.] 



SCIENCE. 



563 



new meaning to the limited portion of the 

 science with which the average student is 

 acquainted. 



In the ease of geology the relation to 

 anthropology is more obvious. With the 

 general outlines of geology, the earth build- 

 ing processes, the sequence of strata, and 

 the like, the student is familiar before he 

 takes up the study of anthi'opology. Pass- 

 ing over the rapidly increasing importance 

 of the economic uses of geologic materials 

 from mine and quarry, we observe that the 

 later geologic periods are of supreme intei-- 

 est in the discussion of the great problems 

 of the time and place of man's origin. 

 Back to the confines of the tertiary we 

 have traced the remains of man and his 

 handiwork, and beyond that barrier we are 

 constantly hoping to pass. Therefore, at 

 each new archeologic discovery the question 

 of geologic age must be answered. After 

 these primal problems come those of the 

 distribution of mankind during the glacial 

 and other cosmic changes. At other points 

 in geology the ' human relation ' is likewise 

 established, and without it the allied sci- 

 ences, geography and meteorology, would 

 be poor indeed. 



Permit me to cite one more example, 

 drawn, not from the sciences, but from be- 

 liefs. During his course in anthropology 

 the student receives instruction in the so- 

 called ' science of religion, ' studying it 

 wholly as a product of human thought or 

 imagination. It is a revelation to him to 

 discover the vital part religion has played 

 in the history of the human race. He 

 learns that religion dictates to millions of 

 his fellow creatures what they shall eat and 

 drink, what they shall wear, how they shall 

 work and how they shall play, what they 

 shall think about, and some things about 

 which they may not even think. Says 

 Brinton of the savage, ' ' From birth to 

 death, but especially during adult years, 

 his daily actions are governed by ceremo- 



nial laws of the severest, often the most 

 irksome and painful, character. He has 

 no independent action or code of conduct, 

 and is a very slave to the conditions which 

 such laws create." Not only among sav- 

 ages does this intimate connection between 

 religion and all other elements of culture 

 manifest itself, but also in all other grades 

 of development, in all times and places. 

 He must have breadth of view who realizes 

 the significance of it. The theological stu- 

 dent, however liberal, views but one side; 

 the art student sees little more than the 

 influence of religion upon painting or 

 architecture or music ; the sociologist deals 

 primarily with Caucasian culture; the an- 

 thropologist alone investigates religion im- 

 pai'tially in relation to other phases of 

 thought. 



Furthermore, the erection of this frame- 

 work brings before the attention of the 

 student the rooms that are incomplete and 

 vacant, so that he may set about furnishing 

 them. With this guidance he will study 

 modern geography, with its complete sur- 

 vey of enviroj-'^^ent and life; comparative 

 religion, with its breadth of view ; the fine 

 arts, as the highest expression of universal 

 feeling; history which he will approach 

 with a correct sense of proportions and time 

 relations. For he will see that the adoption 

 of the first articulate word by man, as dis- 

 tinguished from the mere animal cry of 

 his ancestors, was an event of infinitely 

 greater importance than the foundation of 

 the Roman Empire; that the discovery of 

 the art of kindling fire was vastly more sig- 

 nificant in history than the battle of Tours. 



Modern anthropology does not formu- 

 late theories from travelers' tales nor in- 

 dulge in metaphysical speculations. It 

 proceeds to its conclusions by the scientific 

 method of direct observation and experi- 

 ment, a method that is obtaining so much 

 popularity that most students desire some 

 acquaintance with it. By proper training 



