April 25, 19(i2.] 



SCIENCE. 



645 



versity a real person, bound by its very 

 nature to the service of others. To fulfil 

 its high calling' the university must give, 

 and give freely, to its students, to the world 

 of learning and of scholarsMp, to the devel- 

 cjpnient of trade, commerce and industry, 

 to the community in which it has its home, 

 and to the state and nation whose foster- 

 child it is. A university's capacity for 

 service is the rightful measure of its im- 

 portunity. The university's service is to- 

 day far greater, far more expensive, and 

 in ways far more numerous than ever be- 

 fore. It has only lately learned to serve, 

 and hence is has only lately learned the 

 possibilities that lie open before it. Every 

 legitimate demand for guidance, for lead- 

 ership, for expert knowledge, for trained 

 skill, for personal services, it is the bounden 

 duty of .the university to meet. It may not 

 iirge that it is too busy accumulating stores 

 of learning and teaching students. Serve 

 it must, as well as accumulate and teach, 

 upon pain of loss of moral power and im- 

 pairment of usefulness. At every call it 

 nuist show that it is 



Strong for service still and unimpaired. 



The time-old troubles of town and gown 

 are relics of an academic aloofness which 

 was never desirable and which is no longer 

 possible. 



In order to prepare itself for efficient 

 service the university must count in its 

 ranks men competent to be the intellec- 

 tual and spiritual leaders of the nation 

 and competent to train others for leader- 

 ship. Great personalities make great uni- 

 versities. And great personalities must be 

 left free to grow and express themselves, 

 each in his own way, if they are to reach 

 a maximum of efficiency. 



Spiritual life is subject neither to math- 

 ematical rule nor to chemical analysis. 

 Rational freedom is the goal towards which 

 the human spirit moves, slowly but irre- 



sistibly, as the solar system towards a 

 point in the constellation Hercules; and 

 national freedom is the best method for its 

 movement. Moreover, different subjects in 

 the field of knowledge and its applications 

 require different approach and different 

 treatment. It is the business of the uni- 

 versity to foster each and all. It gives 

 its powerful support to the learned pro- 

 fessions, whose traditional number has of 

 late been added to by architecture, en- 

 gineering and teaching, all of which are 

 closely interwoven with the welfare of the 

 community. It urges forward its investi- 

 gators in every department and rewards 

 their achievements with the academic 

 laurel. It studies the conditions under 

 wliich school and college education may 

 best be given, and it takes active part in 

 advancing them. In particular, it guards 

 the priceless treasure of that liberal learn- 

 ing which I have described as underlying 

 all true scholarship, and gives to it full- 

 hearted care and protection. These are all 

 acts of service direct and powerful. 



The university does still more. It lends 

 its members for expert and helpful service 

 to nation, state, and city. University men 

 are rapidly mobilized for diplomatic ser- 

 vice, for the negotiation of important 

 treaties, for the administration of depend- 

 encies, for special and confidential ser- 

 vice to the Government, or some depart- 

 ment of it, and, the task done, they return 

 quietly to the ranks of teaching scholars, 

 as the soldiers in the armies of the war 

 between the States went back to civil life 

 without delay or friction. These same uni- 

 versity men are found foremost in the 

 ranks of good citizenship everywhere and 

 as laymen in the service of the Church. 

 They carry hither and yon their practical 

 idealism, their disciplined minds, and their 

 full information, and no human interest is 

 without their helpful and supporting 

 strength. It is in ways like these that the 



