SCIENCE 



A WEEKLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE, PUBLISHING THE 



OFFICIAL NOTICES AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION 



FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. 



Editoeial Committee : S. Newcomb, Mathematioa ; R. S. Woodward, Mechanics ; E. C. Pickering, 

 Astronomy ; T. C. Mendenhall, Physics ; E. H. Thurston, Engineering ; Ira Ebmsen, Chemistry ; 

 CH.ARLES D. Walcott, Geology ; W. M. Davis, Physiography ; Henry F. Osborn, Paleon- 

 tology ; W. K. Brooks, C. Haet Merriam, Zoology ; S. H. Scuddbe, Entomology ; C. E. 

 Bessey, N. L. Beitton, Botany ; C. S. Minot, Embryology, Histology ; H. P. Bow- 

 ditch, Physiology ; J. S. Billings, Hygiene ; William H. Welch, Pathol- 

 ogy ; J. McKeen Cattell, Psychology ; J. W. Powell, Anthropology. 



Friday, Mat 9, 1902. 



CONTENTS: 



The Origin of Species by Mutation: Profess- 

 or Hugo De Vries 721 



Sixth Annual Meeting of the Neio York State 

 Science Teachers Association: Dr. Franklin 

 W. Barrows, Lyman C. Newell, Professor 

 Eichard E. Dodge, Mary Eogeks Miller, 

 Henry E. Linville 729 



The Future of Vegetable Pathology: Pro- 

 fessor Augustine D. Selby 736 



Scientific Books: — 



Correspondence of J. Berzelius and F. 

 Wohler: Dr. Henry Carrington Bolton. 

 Reports of the Cambridge Anthropological 

 Expedition to Torres Straits: Professor 

 Joseph Jastrow. Newstead on the Coccidw 

 of the British Isles: Professor T. D. A. 



COOKERELL 740 



Societies and Academies: — 



The New York Academy of Sciences, Section 

 of Geology and Mineralogy : Dr. Edmund 0. 

 HovEY. Biological Society of Washington: 

 F. A. Lucas. Tlie Elisha Mitchell Scientific 

 Society: Professor Chas. Baskeeville . . 744 



Discussion and Correspondence: — 



Scientific Terminology : Dr. F. A. Bather. 

 Botanical Nomenclature: Dr. Wm. H. Dall. 

 The Will of the People, not of an Oligarchy : 

 Mrs. Mary H. Hunt. Temperance Physi- 

 ologii in the Public Schools: Professor 

 W. T. Sedgwick / 74 



Shorter Articles: — 



Preliminary Observations on a Subdermal 

 Mite occurring among the Birds in the Neic 

 York Zoological Park: C. William Beebe. 

 Note on Discorbina Rugosa D'Orbigny, from 

 Provincetouni, Cape Cod: EuFUS M. Bagg, 

 Jr. The Proper Name of the Atlantic Bot- 

 tlenose Whale : Samliel N. Ehoads 754 



Current Notes on Meteorology : — 



Loss of Life in the United States by Light- 

 ning ; Temperature, Rainfall and Sun-spots 

 in Jamaica : Climate of Western Australia : 

 Profes.sor R. DeC. Ward 756 



Scientific Notes and Neips 757 



University and Educational News 760 



THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY MUTATION.* 

 Forty yeaxs ago Darwin's 'Origin of 

 Species ' was given to the worid. The num- 

 ber of those who witnessed its appearance 

 gradually diminishes year by year. Few 

 are left to remember the condition of things 

 at that period, and the shock which its pub- 

 lication caused. We had grown up firmly 

 convinced of the invariability of species. 

 The precepts and commands of Linna3us 

 reigned supreme over our thoughts and 

 deeds alike. To take the last specimen 

 from a locality, no one would have dared, 

 not even in the seclusion of the forest 

 primeval. Far less would any one have 

 had the temerity to give even a single 

 thought to those phenomena whose study 

 he had forbidden. Many an interesting 

 variation did I meet with on my walks 

 when a student, but, obedient disciple that 

 I was, left uncollected. 



With the appearance of Darwin's book 

 came the complete overthrow of the old 

 doctrine. What formerly had been the 

 science now became merely its primer. New 

 demands were made upon investigation, 

 interest was now directed into entirely 

 new channels. An endless field was 



* Address before the second general meeting of 

 the eighth congress of the ' Nederlandsehe Natuur- 

 en Genuskundige Vereeniging,' held at Eotterdam. 

 Translated from the ' Album der Natuur,' Mei, 

 1901, by H. T. a. Hus, Assistant in Botany, Uni- 

 versity of Amsterdam, and revised by the author. 



